Economic loss due to diseases in Indian shrimp farming with special reference to Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) and white spot syndrome virus (WSSV)
Economic loss due to diseases in Indian shrimp farming with special reference to Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) and white spot syndrome virus (WSSV)
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DOI：
10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.736231
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发表时间：
2021-02-25
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Vijayan, Koyadan Kizhakedath
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Patil, Prasanna Kumar;Geetha, Rajamanickam;Vijayan, Koyadan Kizhakedath
通过对2018-2019年期间印度主要养虾州的养虾场进行的一项基于马基雷的调查，估计了印度南美白对虾养殖业因肠细胞虫（EHP）、白色斑点综合征病毒（WSSV）感染和其他疾病造成的经济损失。调查涵盖了7259公顷的虾养殖在23个沿海地区的多级分层抽样（n = 909）的基础上。通过计算疾病发生概率（PDO）来估计疾病造成的经济损失。采用双对数回归分析了经济损失与产量、养殖密度、养殖周期、平均体重、成活率、饲料转化率和发病率的关系。产量损失（公顷-1作物-1）在WSSV感染中最高（2.58 +/- 0.32），其次是EHP（1.80 ± 0.24），EHP和WSSV混合感染（1.89 ± 0.53）、弧菌病（0.97 ± 0.42）、跑步死亡综合征（1.1 ± 0.39）和其他疾病（1.72 ± 0.36）。虽然WSSV造成的产量损失最大（t ha（-1）crop（-1）），但EHP发生概率为17%，造成产量损失77万吨，相应的收入损失为卢比。39.77亿卢比（5.6762亿美元）。虽然WSSV的发生概率估计（25%）高于EHP，但由于WSSV造成的估计产量损失较低，为33万吨，相应的收入损失为卢比。16.7亿卢比（2.3833亿美元）。由于EHP造成的国家收入损失较高，主要是因为在安得拉邦，主要养虾州的EHP PDO为22%，而WSSV为8%。据估计，因疾病造成的总就业损失为165万个工作日，价值707万美元。研究表明，该国发生传染病的总体概率为49%，导致每年损失21万吨虾，价值102 B美元。由于虾病在印度虾养殖的经济损失，值得优先实施更好的管理做法（BMP）和生物安全协议沿着政策干预，以减少直接和间接损失。
Economic loss due to Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP), white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infections and other diseases to Penaeus vannamei farming in India was estimated through a questionnaire-based survey of shrimp farms in major shrimp farming states of India during 2018-2019. The survey covered an area of 7259 ha of shrimp farming in 23 coastal districts based on multistage stratified sampling (n = 909). Probability of disease occurrence (PDO) was calculated to estimate the economic loss due to diseases. Double log regression was employed to examine the relationship between economic loss with production, stocking density, culture period, average body weight, survival, FCR and incidence of disease. Loss of production (t ha(-1) crop(-1)) was highest in infections due to WSSV (2.58 +/- 0.32), followed by EHP (1.80 +/- 0.24), mixed infections of EHP and WSSV (1.89 +/- 0.53), vibriosis (0.97 +/- 0.42), running mortality syndrome (1.1 +/- 0.39) and other diseases (1.72 +/- 0.36). Although WSSV caused the highest loss of production (t ha(-1) crop(-1)), EHP with a 17% probability of occurrence, accounted for a production loss of 0.77 M tons, with a corresponding revenue loss of Rs. 3977 crores (US$ 567.62 M). Although the probability of occurrence of WSSV was estimated (25%) to be higher than that of EHP, the estimated production loss due to WSSV was lower, 0.33 M tons, with a corresponding revenue loss of Rs. 1670 crores (US$ 238.33 M). National loss of revenue due to EHP was higher primarily because, in Andhra Pradesh, primary shrimp farming state had the PDO of 22% for EHP against 8% for WSSV. The total employment loss due to diseases was estimated to be 1.65 M man-days worth US$ 7.07 M. The study revealed that the overall probability of infectious disease occurrence in the country was at 49% leading to an annual loss of 0.21 M ton shrimp worth US$ 1.02 B. Economic loss due to shrimp diseases in Indian shrimp farming warrants prioritized implementation of better management practices (BMP) and biosecurity protocols along with policy interventions to reduce the direct and indirect losses.