The role of midwives and obstetrical nurses in the promotion of healthy lifestyle during pregnancy.
The role of midwives and obstetrical nurses in the promotion of healthy lifestyle during pregnancy.
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DOI：
10.1177/26334941211031866
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发表时间：
2021-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Moran LJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bahri Khomami M;Walker R;Kilpatrick M;de Jersey S;Skouteris H;Moran LJ
产妇肥胖、怀孕前和怀孕期间不健康的生活方式以及妊娠期体重增加过多的女性，不良妊娠和分娩结果的风险增加，这也可能增加她们及其孩子长期健康状况不佳的风险。孕妇经常去看医生，并且非常容易接受健康建议。在怀孕期间与女性互动的医疗保健专业人员处于有利地位，可以支持女性做出持久健康的生活方式改变，从而改善妊娠期体重增加和妊娠结局，并阻止肥胖的代际性质。在大多数国家，助产士和产科护士是负责提供产前护理的关键医疗保健专业人员。因此，建立和增强促进孕妇健康生活方式的能力至关重要。本科助产课程通常缺乏足够的生活方式内容，无法为新兴助产士和产科护士提供有效评估和支持孕妇健康生活方式行为的知识、技能和信心。因此，注册助产士和产科护士可能无法认识到自己在促进健康生活方式（尤其是健康饮食和身体活动）方面的作用。此外，执业助产士和产科护士并不总是能够在工作场所接受健康生活方式推广培训。因此，许多助产士和产科护士可能没有信心和/或技能来支持孕妇改善生活方式。这篇叙述性评论总结了助产士和产科护士在促进与健康饮食和身体活动有关的健康生活方式以及优化怀孕期间体重方面的作用，他们在提供最佳护理方面面临的障碍，并概述了我们所知道的在支持助产士和产科护士支持妇女实现健康生活方式方面的作用。
Women with maternal obesity, an unhealthy lifestyle before and during pregnancy and excess gestational weight gain have an increased risk of adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes that can also increase the risk of long-term poor health for them and their children. Pregnant women have frequent medical appointments and are highly receptive to health advice. Healthcare professionals who interact with women during pregnancy are in a privileged position to support women to make lasting healthy lifestyle changes that can improve gestational weight gain and pregnancy outcomes and halt the intergenerational nature of obesity. Midwives and obstetrical nurses are key healthcare professionals responsible for providing antenatal care in most countries. Therefore, it is crucial for them to build and enhance their ability to promote healthy lifestyles in pregnant women. Undergraduate midwifery curricula usually lack sufficient lifestyle content to provide emerging midwives and obstetrical nurses with the knowledge, skills, and confidence to effectively assess and support healthy lifestyle behaviours in pregnant women. Consequently, registered midwives and obstetrical nurses may not recognise their role in healthy lifestyle promotion specific to healthy eating and physical activity in practice. In addition, practising midwives and obstetrical nurses do not consistently have access to healthy lifestyle promotion training in the workplace. Therefore, many midwives and obstetrical nurses may not have the confidence and/or skills to support pregnant women to improve their lifestyles. This narrative review summarises the role of midwives and obstetrical nurses in the promotion of healthy lifestyles relating to healthy eating and physical activity and optimising weight in pregnancy, the barriers that they face to deliver optimal care and an overview of what we know works when supporting midwives and obstetrical nurses in their role to support women in achieving a healthy lifestyle.