Oxytocin increases trust in humans
Oxytocin increases trust in humans
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DOI：
10.1038/nature03701
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发表时间：
2005-06-02
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Fehr, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kosfeld, M;Heinrichs, M;Fehr, E
信任弥漫在人类社会中（1，2）。信任在友谊、爱情、家庭和组织中不可或缺，在经济交流和政治中起着关键作用。如果贸易伙伴之间缺乏信任，市场交易就会中断。如果对一个国家的机构和领导人缺乏信任，政治合法性就会崩溃。最近的许多证据表明，信任有助于经济，政治和社会的成功（4，5）。然而，人们对人类之间信任的生物学基础知之甚少。在这里，我们表明，鼻内注射催产素，一种在非人类哺乳动物的社会依恋和联系中起关键作用的神经肽（6-8），导致人类之间的信任大幅增加，从而大大增加了社会互动的好处。我们还表明，催产素对信任的影响并不是因为承担风险的准备程度普遍增加。相反，催产素特别影响个人接受人际交往中出现的社会风险的意愿。这些结果与动物研究一致，表明催产素作为亲社会行为的生物学基础发挥着重要作用。
Trust pervades human societies(1,2). Trust is indispensable in friendship, love, families and organizations, and plays a key role in economic exchange and politics(3). In the absence of trust among trading partners, market transactions break down. In the absence of trust in a country's institutions and leaders, political legitimacy breaks down. Much recent evidence indicates that trust contributes to economic, political and social success(4,5). Little is known, however, about the biological basis of trust among humans. Here we show that intranasal administration of oxytocin, a neuropeptide that plays a key role in social attachment and affiliation in non-human mammals(6-8), causes a substantial increase in trust among humans, thereby greatly increasing the benefits from social interactions. We also show that the effect of oxytocin on trust is not due to a general increase in the readiness to bear risks. On the contrary, oxytocin specifically affects an individual's willingness to accept social risks arising through interpersonal interactions. These results concur with animal research suggesting an essential role for oxytocin as a biological basis of prosocial approach behaviour.