Prevalence of amblyopia and strabismus in African American and Hispanic children ages 6 to 72 months - The Multi-ethnic Pediatric Eye Disease Study
Prevalence of amblyopia and strabismus in African American and Hispanic children ages 6 to 72 months - The Multi-ethnic Pediatric Eye Disease Study
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ophtha.2007.08.001
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发表时间：
2008-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
13.7
通讯作者：
Zhu, Amy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Varma, Rohit;Abbott, LaVina;Zhu, Amy
目的：确定6 ~ 72月龄非洲裔美国人和西班牙裔/拉丁裔儿童斜视的年龄和种族特异性患病率，以及30 ~ 72月龄非洲裔美国人和西班牙裔/拉丁裔儿童弱视的年龄和种族特异性患病率。设计：横断面研究。参与者：多民族儿童眼病研究是一项基于人群的评估，评估加州洛杉矶县6至72个月儿童视力障碍的患病率。77%的合格儿童完成了全面的眼科检查。这份报告的重点是3007名非裔美国人和3007名西班牙裔/拉丁裔儿童的结果。方法：对44个人口普查区所有经点算家庭的合格儿童进行调查。参与者进行了家庭访谈，并安排了全面的眼科检查和门诊访谈。检查包括评估30个月及以上儿童的眼部排列、屈光不正和眼部结构，以及测定视敏度（VA）。主要观察指标：6 ~ 72月龄儿童眼科检查中斜视的比例，30 ~ 72月龄儿童视型VA缺陷和弱视危险因素符合弱视定义的比例。结果：有2.4%的西班牙裔/拉丁裔儿童和2.5%的非裔美国儿童存在斜视（P = 0.81），且年龄较大的儿童比年龄较小的儿童更常见。西班牙裔/拉丁裔儿童的弱视发生率为2.6%，非洲裔儿童的弱视发生率为1.5%，差异有统计学意义（P = 0.02），其中78%的弱视病例可归因于屈光不正。弱视患病率不随年龄变化。结论：在洛杉矶县的西班牙裔/拉丁裔和非洲裔美国儿童中，斜视患病率随着年龄的增长而增加，但弱视患病率在3岁之前保持稳定。弱视通常是由异常屈光不正引起的。这些发现可能有助于优化学龄前视力筛查项目的时机和方式。
Objective: To determine the age- and ethnicity-specific prevalences of strabismus in African American and Hispanic/Latino children ages 6 to 72 months and of amblyopia in African American and Hispanic/Latino children 30 to 72 months.Design: Cross-sectional study.Participants: The Multi-ethnic Pediatric Eye Disease Study is a population-based evaluation of the prevalence of vision disorders in children ages 6 to 72 months in Los Angeles County, California. A comprehensive eye examination was completed by 77% of eligible children. This report focuses on results from 3007 African American and 3007 Hispanic/Latino children.Methods: Eligible children in all enumerated households in 44 census tracts were identified. Participants underwent an in-home interview and were scheduled for a comprehensive eye examination and in-clinic interview. The examination included evaluation of ocular alignment, refractive error, and ocular structures, as well as determination of optotype visual acuity (VA) in children 30 months and older.Main Outcome Measures: The proportion of 6- to 72-month-olds with strabismus on ocular examination and proportion of 30- to 72-month-olds with optotype VA deficits and amblyopia risk factors consistent with predetermined definitions of amblyopia.Results: Strabismus was detected in 2.4% of Hispanic/Latino children and 2.5% of African American children (P = 0.81), and was more prevalent in older children than in younger children. Amblyopia was detected in 2.6% of Hispanic/Latino children and 1.5% of African American children, a statistically significant difference (P = 0.02), and 78% of cases of amblyopia were attributable to refractive error. Amblyopia prevalence did not vary with age.Conclusions: Among Hispanic/Latino and African American children in Los Angeles County, strabismus prevalence increases with age, but amblyopia prevalence appears stable by 3 years of age. Amblyopia is usually caused by abnormal refractive error. These findings may help to optimize the timing and modality of preschool vision screening programs.