Oocyte-follicle cell interactions during ovarian follicle development, as seen by high resolution scanning and transmission electron microscopy in humans
Oocyte-follicle cell interactions during ovarian follicle development, as seen by high resolution scanning and transmission electron microscopy in humans
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DOI：
10.1002/jemt.20303
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发表时间：
2006-06-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Stallone, Tiziana
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Makabe, Sayoko;Naguro, Tomonori;Stallone, Tiziana
本文旨在通过锇-二甲基亚砜-锇（ODO）浸渍后的透射电镜（TEM）和高分辨率扫描电镜（SEM）的综合分析，总结和更新本课题组对人类卵泡发育过程中卵母细胞-卵泡细胞联合形态动力学的研究。在休眠的卵母细胞中，卵泡细胞在卵周间隙中突起很少且短。它们经常在非常靠近卵膜的地方形成球状终末，在那里存在粘附小带、粘附斑和缝隙连接。卵膜大多光滑，微绒毛短而稀少。在早期生长的卵泡中，卵泡细胞突起如（a）所示。长而曲折的微绒毛或（B）大而短的延伸。卵膜上有许多短的微绒毛。透射电镜下可见长而细的卵泡卵质内突深入到某些卵膜内陷处。在浸渍样品中，通过SEM观察到它们非常接近细胞核并接触不同的卵母细胞细胞器。这些过程更可能参与早期卵母细胞的生长。在生长后期的卵泡中，卵母细胞-体细胞的相互作用-现在通过插入透明质膜（ZP）建立-保留了早期生长阶段的一般特征，除了“卵质内过程”，这是不存在的。在长时间ODO浸渍的成熟卵泡中，冠状细胞似乎通过许多长而卷曲的毛状微绒毛的顶羽与卵母细胞接触。“冠状细胞微绒毛很可能为ZP提供一种细胞质骨架，它们可能参与（a）向卵母细胞释放营养物质或从卵母细胞中去除催化剂，反之亦然;（B）转移物质以建立ZP。总之，卵母细胞和体细胞之间的结构和功能的关联被揭示。这种结合在体内肯定是高度动态的，在调节健康的卵泡发生以确保正确和定时的卵母细胞成熟和排卵中起着关键作用。
The aim of this article is to summarize and update, through an integrated analysis by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after osmium-dimethyl sulfoxide-osmium (ODO) maceration, the studies of our research group on the morphodynamics of oocyte-follicle cell associations during follicle development in humans. In resting oocytes, follicular cells project few and short cytoplasmic processes in the perioocytic space. They often form bulbous terminals very close to the oolemma where zonulae adherentes, maculae adherentes, and gap junctions are present. The oolemma mostly appears smooth with short and scanty microvilli. In early growing follicles, follicular cell projections appear as (a). long and tortuous microvilli or (b) large and short extensions. The oolemma shows numerous short microvilli. By TEM, long and thin follicular "intraooplasmic processes" have been seen to penetrate deeply into some oolemma invaginations. In macerated samples, they are observed by SEM to come very close to the nucleus and contact different oocyte organelles. These processes are more likely involved in early oocyte growth. In late growing follicles, oocyte-somatic cell interactions-now established through the interposition of the zona pellucida (ZP)-preserve the general features of early growth stage, with the exceptions of "intraooplasmic processes," which are no more present. In mature follicles subjected to a long ODO maceration, corona cells appear to contact the oocyte through an apical plume of numerous very long "curly hair-like microvilli." Corona cell microvilli, quite likely provide a sort of cytoplasmic skeleton for the ZP and they are possibly involved in (a) release of nutrients or removal catabolites to/from oocyte and vice versa and (b) transfer of substances to build up ZP. In conclusion, among oocyte and somatic cells a structural and functional association is revealed. This association, certainly highly dynamic in vivo, plays a key role in regulating the healthy folliculogenesis to assure a correct and timed oocyte maturation and ovulation.