Component Processes of Executive Function-Mindfulness, Self-control, and Working Memory-and Their Relationships with Mental and Behavioral Health.
Component Processes of Executive Function-Mindfulness, Self-control, and Working Memory-and Their Relationships with Mental and Behavioral Health.
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DOI：
10.1007/s12671-011-0057-2
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发表时间：
2011-09
期刊：
影响因子：
3.6
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中科院分区：
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我们研究了高阶认知功能（正念、自我控制和工作记忆）之间的相互关系，这些功能似乎是构成执行功能（EF）基础的组成过程，以及它们与心理和行为健康指标的关联。数据收集自加州一所大型私立大学的一年级医学生（N=31），通过电子邮件超链接进行计算机问卷调查。结果表明，自我控制量表（SCS）得分与积极情绪量表和消极情绪量表的负向维度得分（r= - 0.59, p<0.05）、心理健康量表得分（r=0.46, p<0.05）、正念注意意识量表得分（r=0.35, p≤0.10）显著相关。计划行为维度与MAAS得分（r=0.38, p<0.10）、自动操作跨度任务得分（r=0.51, p<0.05）和总SCS得分（r=0.72, p<0.01）相关。当前冥想练习与酒精使用（r= - 0.56, p<0.05）和AUDIT评分（r= - 0.48, p<0.05）之间存在显著负相关。这项初步研究的结果表明，EF的一些组成过程之间存在重叠；然而，组件中的大部分方差是不共享的。此外，这些高阶认知过程似乎与物质使用有保护关系，并与自我报告的冥想练习呈正相关。
We examined the interrelationships between higher-order cognitive functions—mindfulness, self-control, and working memory—that appear to be component processes that underlie executive function (EF) and their association with indicators of mental and behavioral health. Data were collected from first-year medical students attending a large private university in California (N=31) via a computer-based questionnaire which was administered via email hyperlink. Results indicate that self-control schedule (SCS) scores were significantly correlated with the negative dimension of positive and negative affect schedule scores (r=−0.59, p<0.05), psychological well-being scale scores (r=0.46, p<0.05), and mindful attention awareness scale (MAAS) scores (r=0.35, p≤0.10). The planful behavior dimension of the SCS was correlated with MAAS scores (r=0.38, p<0.10), automated operation span task scores (r=0.51, p<0.05), and total SCS scores (r=0.72, p<0.01). Large and significant inverse correlations were found between current meditation practice and alcohol use (r=−0.56, p<0.05) and AUDIT scores (r=−0.48, p<0.05). Findings from this pilot study suggest that an overlap exists between some component processes of EF; however, the majority of variance in the components is not shared. Moreover, these higher-order cognitive processes appear to have protective relationships with substance use and are positively associated with self-reported meditation practice.