Effects of temperature on early-life-history stages of California halibut Paralichthys californicus
Effects of temperature on early-life-history stages of California halibut Paralichthys californicus
复制标题
温度对加州大比目鱼早期生活史阶段的影响
作者：
Steven M. Caddell;D. Gadomski
VANTUNA研究小组，西方学院1600校园路。洛杉矶。加州90041现住址：国家渔业研究中心哥伦比亚河野外站美国鱼类和野生动物服务局，星星路线，库克。华盛顿98605温度对加州大比目鱼早期生活史阶段的影响摘要：通过室内实验研究了温度对加州大比目鱼早期生活史阶段生长和存活的影响，以及最适温度范围如何随个体发育而变化.随着大比目鱼从卵到幼鱼的发育，最高的存活率出现在越来越高的温度范围内。在耐受范围内，生长和发育速率的所有早期生活史阶段的温度成正比。卵在12、16和20°C下成功孵化;在g和24°C下，它们在胚胎形成之前死亡。在16、20和24°C下，孵化后17天的幼虫存活率为23-46%，但在最初的高存活期后，几乎所有的幼虫都在12°C下死亡。在gOC，幼虫发育停止在早期卵黄囊阶段。存活的3个月大的少年比目鱼是显着更大的20，24。和28°C（57-76°70）比在16°C（31%）。温度也影响沉降速率;当1月龄幼虫的温度从16°C升高到20°C时，沉降比保持在16°C的幼虫的沉降早约一周。大比目鱼早期生活史阶段的耐受范围在实验室中确定的大比目鱼在野外遇到的近似温度;在海湾浅水区收集了高密度的新定居的大比目鱼幼虫和幼鱼，那里的温度往往高于幼鱼居住的开阔海洋。这些温暖的近岸育苗场可以促进大比目鱼幼鱼的生长和存活。
VANTUNA Research Group, Occidental College 1600 Campus Road. Los Angeles. California 90041 Present address: National Fishery Research Center Columbia River Field Station U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Star Route, Cook. Washington 98605 Effects of Temperature on Early-life-history Stages of California Halibut Paralichthys californicus Abstract.Laboratory experiments were conducted to determine how growth and survival of earlylife-history stages of California halibut Pamlichthys californicus are influenced by temperature, and how optimal temperature ranges may change with ontogeny. As halibut developed from eggs to juveniles, highest survival occurred at increasingly higher temperature ranges. Within tolerance limits, growth and development rates of all early-lifehistory stages were directly proportional to temperature. Eggs hatched successfully at 12, 16, and 20°C; at g and 24°C they died prior to embryo formation. Larval survival 17 days after hatching was 23-46% at 16, 20, and 24°C, but almost all larvae died at 12°C after an initial period of high survival. At gOC,larvai development ceased at the early yolksac stage. Survival of 3-month-old juvenile halibut was significantly greater at 20, 24. and 28°C (57-76°70) than at 16°C (31%). Temperature also affected settlement rate; when the temperature of I-month-old larvae was raised from 16°C to 20°C, settlement occurred about a week sooner than settlement of larvae remaining at 16°C. Tolerance ranges of halibut earlylife-history stages determined in the laboratory approximate temperatures encountered by halibut in the field; high densities of newly-settled halibut larvae and juveniles have been collected in shallow areas of bays where temperatures are often higher than the open ocean inhabited by young larvae. These warmer inshore nursery grounds could enhance growth and survival of halibut juveniles.