Poliovirus and Other Enteroviruses from Environmental Surveillance in Italy, 2009-2015
Poliovirus and Other Enteroviruses from Environmental Surveillance in Italy, 2009-2015
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DOI：
10.1007/s12560-018-9350-8
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发表时间：
2018-12-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Stefanelli, Paola
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Delogu, Roberto;Battistone, Andrea;Stefanelli, Paola
在世卫组织根除小儿麻痹症的倡议范围内，意大利于2005年启动了环境监测。ES补充了对可能的脊髓灰质炎病例的临床急性弛缓性麻痹（AFP）监测，检测环境污水中的脊髓灰质炎病毒循环，并用于监测社区中的传播。除脊髓灰质炎病毒外，分析还包括：（一）监测污水样本中是否存在非脊髓灰质炎肠道病毒;（二）检测到的病毒的时间和地理分布。从2009年到2015年，从参与监测的8个城市收集了2880个污水样本。总体而言，1479份样本对肠道病毒呈阳性。未发现野生型脊髓灰质炎病毒，但检测到四种Sabin样脊髓灰质炎病毒。在这四个分离株的基因组中发现的低程度突变表明，这些病毒在人群中的传播有限。所有非脊髓灰质炎肠道病毒均属于B种，最常见的血清型为CV-B5，其次为CV-B4、E-11、E-6、E-7、CV-B3和CV-B2。在不同的季节和/或意大利地区也观察到不同血清型的频率的变化。意大利的环境监测是世卫组织全球根除脊髓灰质炎方案的一部分，是加强脊髓灰质炎监测和调查肠道病毒在人群中的无声传播或重新出现的有力工具。
Within the initiatives for poliomyelitis eradication by WHO, Italy activated an environmental surveillance (ES) in 2005. ES complements clinical Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) surveillance for possible polio cases, detects poliovirus circulation in environmental sewage, and is used to monitor transmission in communities. In addition to polioviruses, the analyses comprised: (i) the monitoring of the presence of non-polio enteroviruses in sewage samples and (ii) the temporal and geographical distribution of the detected viruses. From 2009 to 2015, 2880 sewage samples were collected from eight cities participating in the surveillance. Overall, 1479 samples resulted positive for enteroviruses. No wild-type polioviruses were found, although four Sabin-like polioviruses were detected. The low degree of mutation found in the genomes of these four isolates suggests that these viruses have had a limited circulation in the population. All non-polio enteroviruses belonged to species B and the most frequent serotype was CV-B5, followed by CV-B4, E-11, E-6, E-7, CV-B3, and CV-B2. Variations in the frequency of different serotypes were also observed in different seasons and/or Italian areas. Environmental surveillance in Italy, as part of the WHO global polio eradication program', is a powerful tool to augment the polio surveillance and to investigate the silent circulation or the re-emergence of enteroviruses in the population.