Interaction Preludes to Role Setting: Exploratory Local Action.
Interaction Preludes to Role Setting: Exploratory Local Action.
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互动是角色设定的前奏：探索性的本地行动。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1988
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
E. M. Leifer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. M. Leifer
在大多数情况下，角色是给定的，角色行为是保持地位的突出理想。然而，在只承认演员的环境中，令人垂涎的角色往往只能通过互动才能获得。在角色设置的互动前奏中，通过单边角色行为来宣称一个令人垂涎的角色是战略上脆弱的。一个独特的行动理想，称为当地的行动，需要避免的作用索赔，直到有证据表明，声称的作用将被赋予。具有讽刺意味的是，当双方在互动中使用局部行动时，局部行动会抑制角色分化。地方行动的交换在行动者之间产生了一种自我延续的前奏，或稳定的平衡，每一个行动者都在寻求令人垂涎的角色，而这将使另一个行动者处于不太理想的互补角色。因此，局部作用为平衡互惠提供了一种解释，并为平衡作为一种纯粹的局部现象提供了新的视角。不再需要泛化角色行为（即，互惠准则）在没有规定作用的情况下可以援引。两个突出的理想（局部行动和角色行为）的共存应该提醒我们，随着环境和理想的变化，行为会出现不连续性，以及作为更大角色结构一部分的模糊性。
In most settings, roles are givens and role behavior is a salient ideal for retaining status. Yet in settings that admit only like actors, coveted roles often can only be acquired through interaction. During the interaction prelude to role setting, claiming a coveted role through unilateral role behavior is strategically vulnerable. A distinct action ideal, called local action, is needed to avoid role claims until there is evidence a claimed role will be conferred. Ironically, local action suppresses role differentiation when used by both sides in interaction. The exchange of local actions yields a self-perpetuating prelude, or stable balance, between actors who each seek coveted roles that would put the other in less desirable complementary roles. Local action thereby provides an explanation for balanced reciprocity and casts new light on balance as a purely local phenomenon. No longer must generalized role behavior (i.e., the norm of reciprocity) be invoked where roles are not given. The coexistence of two salient ideals (local action and role behavior) should alert us to discontinuities in behavior as settings and ideals change, as well as to the pockets of ambiguity that are a part of larger role structures.