Impact of the 2018 Ambae Eruption on the Global Stratospheric Aerosol Layer and Climate
Impact of the 2018 Ambae Eruption on the Global Stratospheric Aerosol Layer and Climate
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DOI：
10.1029/2020jd032410
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发表时间：
2020-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. Kloss;P. Sellitto;B. Legras;J. Vernier;F. Jégou;M. Venkat Ratnam;Suneel Kumar B;B. Madhavan;G. Berthet
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文献类型：
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作者：
C. Kloss;P. Sellitto;B. Legras;J. Vernier;F. Jégou;M. Venkat Ratnam;Suneel Kumar B;B. Madhavan;G. Berthet
在 2017 年开始的持续火山动荡期间，瓦努阿图安巴火山（南纬 15° 和东经 167°）于 2018 年 4 月和 7 月发生了两次主要的中度平流层喷发。对地静止轨道的观测表明，4 月和 7 月的喷发将火山羽流注入了平流层下部。虽然四月喷发的气溶胶增强仅对南半球产生影响，但七月喷发的羽流分布在布鲁尔-多布森环流的下分支内，分布到两个半球。卫星、地面和现场观测表明，7月喷发后，全球范围内的背景气溶胶全年都在增强。在紫外/可见光谱范围内，发现火山引起的全球平流层气溶胶光学深度扰动高达 0.011。这种扰动与最近的中度平流层喷发（如卡萨托奇火山、萨里切夫火山和纳布罗火山）的扰动相当。该事件的大气层顶部辐射强迫值估计在-0.45至-0.6 W/m2之间，表明安巴喷发对2018年的气候影响最为强烈。因此，在研究十年间平流层下层气溶胶预算和气候研究时，必须考虑2018年的安巴喷发。
During an extended volcanic unrest starting in 2017, two main moderate stratospheric eruptions occurred at the Ambae volcano (15°S and 167°E), Vanuatu, in April and July 2018. Observations from a geostationary orbit show that the April and July eruptions injected a volcanic plume into the lower stratosphere. While aerosol enhancements from the April eruption have only had an impact on the Southern Hemisphere, the plume from the July eruption was distributed within the lower branch of the Brewer–Dobson circulation to both hemispheres. Satellite, ground‐based and in situ observations show that the background aerosol is enhanced throughout the year after the July eruption on a global scale. A volcanic‐induced perturbation of the global stratospheric aerosol optical depth up to 0.011 is found, in the ultraviolet/visible spectral range. This perturbation is comparable to that of recent moderate stratospheric eruptions like from Kasatochi, Sarychev, and Nabro. Top of the atmosphere radiative forcing values are estimated between −0.45 and −0.6 W/m2 for this event, showing that the Ambae eruption had the strongest climatic impact of the year 2018. Thus, the Ambae eruption in 2018 has to be taken into account when studying the decadal lower stratospheric aerosol budget and in climate studies.