The Returns to Face-to-Face Interactions: Knowledge Spillovers in Silicon Valley
The Returns to Face-to-Face Interactions: Knowledge Spillovers in Silicon Valley
复制标题
面对面互动的回归：硅谷的知识溢出
DOI：
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Anton Popov
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
David J. Atkin;Keith Chen;Anton Popov
面对面互动的回报对于理解集聚的决定因素至关重要。然而，现有文献研究专利引用或产业共址中的地理邻近模式，一直难以将面对面互动的好处从其他空间溢出中分离出来。在本文中，我们使用高度细粒度的智能手机地理位置数据来衡量硅谷不同机构员工之间的面对面互动(或会议)。为了研究这种互动在多大程度上导致了知识流动，我们探索了这些会议与这些工人所属公司之间的引用之间的关系。由于公司可能会与他们希望学习的人组织会议，我们通过利用相邻公司中属于不相关行业的工人之间的会议来隔离面对面会议的因果影响。我们的IV方法通过过度认同测试估计了面对面会议的可观回报，这表明我们正在捕捉在简·雅各布斯的城市理论中发挥核心作用的偶然发现的回报。
The returns to face-to-face interactions are of central importance to understanding the determinants of agglomeration. However, the existing literature studying patterns of geographic proximity in patent citations or industrial co-location has struggled to disentangle the benefits of face-to-face interactions from other spatial spillovers. In this paper, we use highly granular smartphone geolocation data to measure face-to-face interactions (or meetings) between workers at different establishments in Silicon Valley. To study the degree to which knowledge flows result from such interactions, we explore the relationship between these meetings and the citations among the firms these workers belong to. As firms may organize meetings with those they wish to learn from, we isolate causal impacts of face-to-face meetings by instrumenting with the meetings between workers in adjacent firms that belong to unconnected industries. Our IV approach estimates substantial returns to face-to-face meetings with overidentification tests suggesting we are capturing the returns to serendipity that play a central role in the urban theories of Jane Jacobs.