Differential regulation of Fronto-Executive function by the Monoamines and acetylcholine
Differential regulation of Fronto-Executive function by the Monoamines and acetylcholine
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DOI：
10.1093/cercor/bhm066
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发表时间：
2007-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Roberts, A. C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Robbins, T. W.;Roberts, A. C.
前额叶皮层（PFC）受单胺类神经递质、多巴胺（DA）、去甲肾上腺素（NA）、5-羟色胺和乙酰胆碱的支配，这些神经化学系统对前额叶工作记忆过程的显著影响已被广泛描述。然而，他们的潜在的，差异的贡献，前额叶功能是不太好理解。本文回顾证据支持的假设，这些神经化学系统招聘不同的额执行业务。直接比较PFC内的这些神经调质的操作对注意力转移范式的表现的影响，揭示了它们对不同任务阶段的不同贡献。前额叶5-羟色胺的消耗选择性地干扰反转学习，但不干扰注意定势的形成或定势转换。相比之下，前额叶DA的耗竭会破坏集合的形成，但不会破坏逆转学习。另一方面，NA耗竭具体损害集合转移，而其对逆转学习的影响尚不清楚。最后，耗尽前额叶乙酰胆碱对集合形成或集合转移没有影响，但会损害串行反转学习。因为这些神经化学系统被认为代表了不同的压力、唤醒、注意力和情感状态，所以假设它们通过与PFC的协同作用增强了在这些状态下招募和执行的不同类型的执行操作。
The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is innervated by the monoamines, dopamine (DA), noradrenaline (NA), and serotonin, as well as acetylcholine, and the marked influence of these neurochemical systems on prefrontal working memory processes has been widely described. However, their potentially, differential contribution to prefrontal functioning is less well understood. This paper reviews evidence to support the hypothesis that these neurochemical systems recruit distinct fronto-executive operations. Direct comparison of the effects of manipulations of these neuromodulators within PFC on performance of an attentional set-shifting paradigm reveals their differential contribution to distinct task stages. Depletion of prefrontal serotonin selectively disrupts reversal learning but not attentional set formation or set shifting. In contrast, depletion of prefrontal DA disrupts set formation but not reversal learning. NA depletion on the other hand specifically impairs set-shifting, whereas its effects on reversal learning remain unclear. Finally, depletion of prefrontal acetylcholine has no effect on either set formation or set shifting but impairs serial reversal learning. Because these neurochemical systems are known to represent distinct states of stress, arousal, attention, and affect, it is postulated that they augment the different types of executive operation that are recruited and performed within these states via a synergistic interaction with the PFC.