A self-tuning DVS processor using delay-error detection and correction
A self-tuning DVS processor using delay-error detection and correction
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DOI：
10.1109/jssc.2006.870912
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发表时间：
2006-04-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Mudge, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Das, S;Roberts, D;Mudge, T
在本文中，我们提出了一种称为Razor的动态电压缩放（DVS）技术，该技术结合了原位误差检测和校正机制，以从时序误差中恢复。我们还介绍了实施细节和硅测量结果的结果，该结果是在0.18毫米技术中制造的64位处理器，该处理器使用剃须刀进行供应电压控制。传统的DVS技术需要明显的电压安全幅度，以确保在最坏情况下的过程，电压和温度条件的最坏情况下计算正确性，从而导致能源效率损失。但是，在基于剃须刀的DVS中，使用误差检测和校正机制将自动降低到第一次故障的供应电压，从而消除了安全边缘，同时仍确保正确操作。此外，可以将电源电压故意缩放在处理器的第一次失败点以下，从而从进一步的降压和增加误差检测和校正活动中节省能源之间实现了最佳的权衡。我们通过33个不同的模具测试和测量了剃须刀DVS引起的节省，并通过缩放电源电压来达到0.1％的目标错误率，以120 MHz的固定频率获得了0.1％的目标错误率，从而在最坏情况下的经营条件下获得了50％的平均能源节省。
In this paper, we present a dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) technique called Razor which incorporates an in situ error detection and correction mechanism to recover from timing errors. We also present the implementation details and silicon measurements results of a 64-bit processor fabricated in 0.18-mu m technology that uses Razor for supply voltage control. Traditional DVS techniques require significant voltage safety margins to guarantee computational correctness at the worst case combination of process, voltage and temperature conditions, leading to a loss in energy efficiency. In Razor-based DVS, however, the supply voltage is automatically reduced to the point of first failure using the error detection and correction mechanism, thereby eliminating safety margins while still ensuring correct operation. In addition, the supply voltage can be intentionally scaled below the point of first failure of the processor to achieve an optimal tradeoff between energy savings from further voltage reduction and energy overhead from increased error detection and correction activity. We tested and measured savings due to Razor DVS for 33 different dies and obtained an average energy savings of 50% over worst case operating conditions by scaling supply voltage to achieve a 0.1% targeted error rate, at a fixed frequency of 120 MHz.