Historical Perspectives on Sustainable Development
Historical Perspectives on Sustainable Development
复制标题
可持续发展的历史视角
DOI：
10.1080/00139157.1990.9929051
复制
发表时间：
1990
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
C. Ponting
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Ponting
要在30分钟内准确地按时间顺序叙述人类历史，就必须花29分51秒来描述采集和狩猎群体，用8秒多一点的时间来描述定居的农业社会，用不到一秒的时间来考虑现代工业世界的问题。这些比例说明了人类社会的重大变化是如何在最近和迅速发生的。在大约200万年的时间里，人类以大约25人的小团体生活，根据食物的季节性供应在一个领土上移动，并在食物供应允许的情况下聚集在更大的群体中进行仪式和其他社会活动。毫无疑问，这是人类历史上最持久、规模最大、适应性最强的生活方式。它也是一个非常生态稳定的地区，涉及最小的环境改变和破坏。它的适应性足以使人类在地球仪的几乎每一个地区定居，并获得足够的食物来生存。
To give an accurate chronological account of human history in 30 min-utes, one would have to spend 29 min-utes and 51 seconds on gathering and hunting groups, a little more than 8 sec-onds describing settled agricultural so-cieties, and a fraction of a second considering the problems of the modem industrial world. These proportions illustrate how relatively recently and quickly the major changes in human society have come about. For about 2 million years, humans lived in smaU bands of perhaps 25 people, moving around a territory according to the seasonal availability of food and congregating in larger groups for ceremonial and other social activities when food supplies permitted. Without doubt, it was the most long-lastbig and well-adapted way of life in human history. It also was one of great ecological stability, involving minimal environmental alteration and damage. And it was adaptable enough to enable humans to settle almost every area of the globe and fmd enough food to survive.