Intrinsic aerobic capacity sets a divide for aging and longevity.
Intrinsic aerobic capacity sets a divide for aging and longevity.
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DOI：
10.1161/circresaha.111.253807
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发表时间：
2011-10-28
影响因子：
20.1
通讯作者：
Wisløff U
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Koch LG;Kemi OJ;Qi N;Leng SX;Bijma P;Gilligan LJ;Wilkinson JE;Wisløff H;Høydal MA;Rolim N;Abadir PM;van Grevenhof EM;Smith GL;Burant CF;Ellingsen O;Britton SL;Wisløff U
对于健康的成年人和患有心血管疾病的老年人来说，低有氧运动能力是过早发病率和死亡率的有力预测因素。对于老年人来说，在跑步机上表现不佳或延长步行测试表明更接近未来健康状况的下降。总而言之，这些发现表明有氧能力和寿命之间存在根本联系。通过人工选育，我们开发了一个动物模型系统，以前瞻性地检验有氧运动能力与生存能力之间的关联(有氧假说)。遗传背景差异很大的实验室大鼠(N：NIH种)被选择性地培育成具有低或高固有(天生)跑台跑能力的大鼠。来自第14代、第15代和第17代的雄性和雌性大鼠被跟踪观察生存能力，并评估与年龄相关的心血管健康下降，包括最大摄氧量(VO2max)、心肌功能、耐力表现和体重变化。低运动量大鼠的平均寿命比高运动量大鼠短28-45%(风险比，0.06；P<；.001)。成年后测量的最大摄氧量是预测寿命的可靠指标(P<；.001)。在从成年到老年的过程中，在低有氧能力饲养的大鼠中，左室心肌和心肌细胞的形态、收缩能力、细胞内钙离子的收缩和舒张期处理以及平均血压受到更多的损害。在为高有氧能力而培育的大鼠中，体力活动水平、能量消耗(VO2)和瘦体重都随着年龄的增长而保持得更好。从一个不同的模型系统获得的这些数据提供了强有力的证据，证明有氧运动能力的基因分离可以与寿命联系在一起，并有助于更深层次的机制探索。
Low aerobic exercise capacity is a powerful predictor of premature morbidity and mortality for healthy adults as well as those with cardiovascular disease For aged populations, poor performance on treadmill or extended walking tests indicates closer proximity to future health declines. Together, these findings suggest a fundamental connection between aerobic capacity and longevity. Through artificial selective breeding, we developed an animal model system to prospectively test the association between aerobic exercise capacity and survivability (aerobic hypothesis). Laboratory rats of widely diverse genetic backgrounds (N:NIH stock) were selectively bred for low or high intrinsic (inborn) treadmill running capacity. Cohorts of male and female rats from generations 14, 15 and 17 of selection were followed for survivability and assessed for age-related declines in cardiovascular fitness including maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), myocardial function, endurance performance, and change in body mass. Median lifespan for low exercise capacity rats was 28-45% shorter than high capacity rats (hazard ratio, 0.06; P<.001). VO2max, measured across adulthood was a reliable predictor of lifespan (P<.001). During progression from adult to old age, left ventricular myocardial and cardiomyocyte morphology, contractility, and intracellular Ca2+ handling in both systole and diastole, as well as mean blood pressure, were more compromised in rats bred for low aerobic capacity. Physical activity levels, energy expenditure (VO2), and lean body mass were all better sustained with age in rats bred for high aerobic capacity. These data obtained from a contrasting heterogeneous model system provide strong evidence that genetic segregation for aerobic exercise capacity can be linked with longevity and useful for deeper mechanistic exploration.