The Evolutionary Changes in Rice-crop Farming: Integrated Pest Management in Indonesia, Cambodia, and Vietnam
The Evolutionary Changes in Rice-crop Farming: Integrated Pest Management in Indonesia, Cambodia, and Vietnam
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水稻种植业的演变：印度尼西亚、柬埔寨和越南的病虫害综合防治
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发表时间：
2004
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通讯作者：
Y. Winarto
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作者：
Y. Winarto
自 1990 年初由联合国粮农组织发起的综合害虫管理 (IPM) 计划在印度尼西亚和随后的其他亚洲国家推出以来，害虫综合管理农民的知识、实践、赋权和尊严正在逐渐发生变化。本着该计划旨在介绍知识、激发农民自身好奇心、提高农民决策能力的目的，该计划对农民知识和耕作实践的影响与绿色革命计划和其他农作物种植技术干预有显着不同。东南亚几个国家的 IPM 农民正在发生一种“渐进式”或渐进式变化，而不是“革命性”或突然变化。不仅丰富和改进了他们对农作物种植的技术理解，而且他们的创造力、尊严和自信心也得到了增强。然而，知识的丰富、生产、实施和传播并不是简单的过程。它们植根于当地环境以及每个地区的农业发展和历史进程中。东南亚不同国家存在一些相似之处和许多差异。本文通过观察印度尼西亚、柬埔寨和越南的 IPM 农民在稻作种植方面的知识和实践的演变来研究这些现象。
From the time the Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Programme—initiated by the FAO— was introduced in Indonesia in early 1990 and other Asian countries afterwards, a gradual change in IPM farmers’ knowledge, practices, empowerment, and dignity has been occurring. In line with the aims of the program to introduce knowledge, stimulate farmers’ own curiosity, and improve their decision making ability, the implication of this program for farmers’ knowledge and farming practices has been significantly different from the Green Revolution program and other technological interventions in crop farming. An “evolutionary” or gradual change rather than a “revolutionary” one or sudden change is going on among the IPM farmers in several countries in Southeast Asia. Not only are their technical understandings of growing crops enriched and modified, but also their creativity, dignity, and self-confidence are enhanced. Nevertheless, knowledge enrichment, production, implementation, and transmission are not simple processes. They are embedded in the local settings and within the course of the agricultural development and history in each locale. Some similarities and many variations are found in different countries in Southeast Asia. This paper examines these phenomena by looking at the evolutionary changes found in IPM farmers’ knowledge and practices in ricecrop farming in Indonesia, Cambodia, and Vietnam.