Sex differences in adolescent depression: Stress exposure and reactivity models
Sex differences in adolescent depression: Stress exposure and reactivity models
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-8624.2007.00997.x
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Roesch, Linda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hankin, Benjamin L.;Mermelstein, Robin;Roesch, Linda
研究人员检查了压力暴露和反应模型，以解释为什么女孩比男孩表现出更严重的抑郁症状。在多波纵向设计中，在基线、6个月和12个月后评估青少年抑郁症状、酒精使用和应激源的发生（N=538； 54.5%女性；年龄13-18岁，平均14.9）。使用改进的情境威胁方法将日常压力源编码为发展显著域。在某些情况下（如人际关系），女孩报告的抑郁症状和压力源比男孩多。抑郁症的性别差异可以部分解释为女孩报告更多的压力源，尤其是同伴事件。抑郁与应激源之间的纵向效应随应激源域的不同而不同。女孩对压力源的反应更强烈，表现为抑郁。
Stress exposure and reactivity models were examined as explanations for why girls exhibit greater levels of depressive symptoms than boys. In a multiwave, longitudinal design, adolescents' depressive symptoms, alcohol usage, and occurrence of stressors were assessed at baseline, 6, and 12 months later (N=538; 54.5% female; ages 13-18, average 14.9). Daily stressors were coded into developmentally salient domains using a modified contextual-threat approach. Girls reported more depressive symptoms and stressors in certain contexts (e.g., interpersonal) than boys. Sex differences in depression were partially explained by girls reporting more stressors, especially peer events. The longitudinal direction of effects between depression and stressors varied depending on the stressor domain. Girls reacted more strongly to stressors in the form of depression.