Repopulation of Zooxanthellae in the Caribbean Corals Montastraea annularis and M. faveolata following Experimental and Disease-Associated Bleaching
Repopulation of Zooxanthellae in the Caribbean Corals Montastraea annularis and M. faveolata following Experimental and Disease-Associated Bleaching
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实验性和疾病相关的白化后加勒比珊瑚 Montastraea permanentis 和 M. faveolata 中虫黄藻的繁殖
DOI：
10.2307/1543614
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发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Nancy Knowlton
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wesley W. Toller;R. Rowan;Nancy Knowlton
Montastraea annularis物种复合体的加勒比海珊瑚与共生甲藻（虫黄藻;共生藻属）的四个分类群在生态可预测的模式。为了调查这些主机zooxanthella协会的弹性，我们进行了现场实验，在实验中，我们减少了zooxanthella的数量（通过移植到浅水或阴影），然后让处理过的珊瑚恢复。当消耗不是极端时，恢复的珊瑚通常含有与处理前相同类型的虫黄藻。然而，在严重枯竭之后，恢复中的珊瑚总是被在其栖息地中非典型的虫黄藻重新繁殖（在某些情况下，对珊瑚物种来说是非典型的）。这些不寻常的zooxanthellar协会往往（但不总是）建立在实验漂白组织，即使邻近组织未经处理。在未处理的Montastraea黄斑病漂白组织中也观察到非典型的虫黄藻。在建立了异常关联的殖民地中，即使在治疗结束后9个月也未检测到虫黄藻的原始分类群。这些观察结果表明，在Montastraea zooxanthropium范围从逃犯opportalists和耐胁迫的通才（共生藻A和E），以狭隘的适应专家（共生藻B和C），并可能经历继承。
Caribbean corals of the Montastraea annularis species complex associate with four taxa of symbiotic dinoflagellates (zooxanthellae; genus Symbiodinium) in ecologically predictable patterns. To investigate the resilience of these host-zooxanthella associations, we conducted field experiments in which we experimentally reduced the numbers of zooxanthellae (by transplanting to shallow water or by shading) and then allowed treated corals to recover. When depletion was not extreme, recovering corals generally contained the same types of zooxanthellae as they did prior to treatment. After severe depletion, however, recovering corals were always repopulated by zooxanthellae atypical for their habitat (and in some cases atypical for the coral species). These unusual zooxanthellar associations were often (but not always) established in experimentally bleached tissues even when adjacent tissues were untreated. Atypical zooxanthellae were also observed in bleached tissues of unmanipulated Montastraea with yellow-blotch disease. In colonies where unusual associations were established, the original taxa of zooxanthellae were not detected even 9 months after the end of treatment. These observations suggest that zooxanthellae in Montastraea range from fugitive opportunists and stress-tolerant generalists (Symbiodinium A and E) to narrowly adapted specialists (Symbiodinium B and C), and may undergo succession.