Mini but mighty: microRNAs in the pathobiology of periodontal disease.
Mini but mighty: microRNAs in the pathobiology of periodontal disease.
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DOI：
10.1111/prd.12095
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发表时间：
2015-10
影响因子：
18.6
通讯作者：
Papapanou PN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kebschull M;Papapanou PN
microRNA (miRNA) 是一类小型非编码 RNA 分子，可通过抑制 mRNA 翻译的起始或诱导 mRNA 分子的降解来负向调节蛋白质表达。越来越多的证据表明，miRNA 介导的蛋白质表达抑制在广泛的生理和病理条件下至关重要。特别是，miRNA 诱导的炎症通路分子过程失调已被证明有助于慢性炎症疾病的发展。在这篇综述中，我们首先概述了 miRNA 的生物发生、主要作用机制和当前可用的 miRNA 分析工具。接下来，我们总结了支持 miRNA 在牙周炎病理学中特定作用的现有证据。基于对牙周健康和疾病状态下牙龈组织中 miRNA 差异表达的现有数据的回顾，我们探讨了 miRNA 在与牙周炎因果关系的分子和细胞途径中的特定作用。我们的综述指出了一些证据表明 miRNA 参与牙周组织稳态和病理学。尽管受 miRNA 功能影响的复杂调控网络仍未完全绘制出来，但系统生物学工具的进一步利用有望增强我们对牙周炎病理学的理解。
microRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of small, non-coding RNA molecules that negatively regulate protein expression by either inhibiting the initiation of the translation of mRNA, or by inducing the degradation of mRNA molecules. Accumulating evidence suggests that miRNA-mediated repression of protein expression is of paramount importance in a broad range of physiologic and pathologic conditions. In particular, miRNA-induced dysregulation of molecular processes involved in inflammatory pathways has been shown to contribute to the development of chronic inflammatory diseases. n this review, we first provide an overview of miRNA biogenesis, main mechanisms of action, and currently available miRNA profiling tools. Next, we summarize the available evidence supporting a specific role for miRNAs in the pathobiology of periodontitis. Based on a review of available data on the differential expression of miRNAs in gingival tissues in states of periodontal health and disease, we address specific roles for miRNAs in molecular and cellular pathways causally linked to periodontitis. Our review points to several lines of evidence suggesting the involvement of miRNAs in periodontal tissue homeostasis and pathology. Although the intricate regulatory networks affected by miRNA function are still incompletely mapped, further utilization of systems biology tools is expected to enhance our understanding of the pathobiology of periodontitis.