A recombinant subunit vaccine for the control of ovine psoroptic mange (sheep scab)
A recombinant subunit vaccine for the control of ovine psoroptic mange (sheep scab)
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DOI：
10.1186/s13567-016-0315-3
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发表时间：
2016-02-09
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Nisbet, Alasdair J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Burgess, Stewart T. G.;Nunn, Francesca;Nisbet, Alasdair J.
绵羊疥疮是由绵羊痒螨（Psoroptes ovis）感染引起的，具有高度传染性，引起强烈瘙痒，并代表了主要的福利和经济问题。疾病控制策略依赖于化学疗法，然而，由于化学残留、生态毒性和杀螨剂抗性的问题，可持续性是值得怀疑的。在先前感染绵羊疟原虫的绵羊中证明了保护性免疫力，支持通过接种疫苗进行控制。我们根据以下方面鉴定了绵羊疫霉的候选疫苗：（1）通过与宿主信号传导途径和宿主免疫应答的相互作用选择的抗原;（2）显示具有免疫原性或参与螨摄食的抗原。这导致在重复免疫和攻击试验中开发和验证了七种重组蛋白亚单位鸡尾酒疫苗。将绵羊接种三次，间隔2周，与基拉佐剂一起沿着。疫苗接种导致攻毒后病变大小（高达63%）和螨数量（高达56%）均显著减少。从侵染后1周（wpi）至6 wpi实验结束，接种组的平均病变大小显著小于对照组。所有抗原引起的血清IgG免疫接种后和侵染前的反应，而对照组不产生抗原特异性IgG在侵染前期间。接种疫苗的动物表现出遗忘反应，感染后针对muGST、Pso o 1和Pso o 2的抗原特异性IgG水平增加。该疫苗代表了迄今为止使用羊疮痂疫苗的病变大小的最大减小，为未来生产商业上可行的免疫预防手段提供了鼓励。
Sheep scab, caused by infestation with the mite Psoroptes ovis, is highly contagious, causing intense pruritus and represents a major welfare and economic concern. Disease control strategies rely upon chemotherapy, however, sustainability is questionable due to issues of chemical residues, eco-toxicity and acaricide resistance. Control by vaccination is supported by demonstration of protective immunity in sheep previously infested with P. ovis. We identified vaccine candidates for P. ovis based on: (1) antigens selected by their interaction with host signalling pathways and the host immune-response; and (2) those shown to be either immunogenic or involved in mite feeding. This resulted in the development and validation, in repeated immunisation and challenge trials, of a seven recombinant protein sub-unit cocktail vaccine. Sheep were inoculated on three occasions, 2 weeks apart, along with QuilA adjuvant. Vaccination resulted in highly significant reductions in both lesion size (up to 63%) and mite numbers (up to 56%) following challenge. Mean lesion size in vaccinates was significantly smaller than controls from 1 week post infestation (wpi) until the end of the experiment at 6 wpi. All antigens elicited serum IgG responses following immunisation and prior to infestation, whereas controls did not produce antigen-specific IgG during the pre-infestation period. Vaccinated animals showed an amnestic response, with levels of antigen-specific IgG against muGST, Pso o 1 and Pso o 2 increasing following infestation. This vaccine represents the greatest reduction in lesion size to date with a sheep scab vaccine, providing encouragement for future production of a commercially-viable means of immunoprophylaxis.