Small bowel resection induces long-term changes in the enteric microbiota of mice.
Small bowel resection induces long-term changes in the enteric microbiota of mice.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11605-014-2631-0
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发表时间：
2015-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Warner BW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sommovilla J;Zhou Y;Sun RC;Choi PM;Diaz-Miron J;Shaikh N;Sodergren E;Warner BB;Weinstock GM;Tarr PI;Warner BW
已知肠道微生物组在健康的肠道稳态和几种疾病状态中发挥重要作用。它也可能有助于短肠综合征患者的肠道恢复和并发症。然而，肠切除术后肠道微生物群改变的程度和性质尚未在受控环境中得到充分研究。本研究的目的是描述大量小肠切除术对小鼠肠道菌群的影响。野生型C57BL6小鼠在适应啮齿类动物液体饮食一周后，进行50%近端小肠切除术（SBR）或假手术。处死小鼠，并在术后7天和90天从小肠、盲肠和粪便中收获肠内容物。分离DNA，扩增16s rRNA基因的V3-V5区域，并在Roche 454平台上进行热测序。将序列聚类成操作分类单位并进行分类。然后对群落的多样性和致突变组成进行了分析。在长期组中，SBR组和假手术组小鼠回肠微生物在属水平上差异显著（p <0.001）。SBR前后收集的小肠内容物也存在显著差异（p = 0.006）。这是由接受SBR的小鼠中乳酸杆菌的增加和肠杆菌科物种的减少所驱动的。长期粪便或短期粪便、盲肠或回肠内容物无差异。在任何组中均未发现微生物群落多样性的差异。肠切除术诱导小鼠回肠微生物群落的长期变化，但不是在胃肠道的更远部位。在切除的小鼠小肠中遇到的乳酸杆菌的增加与有限的先前研究相关。这些变化可能反映了微生物群的适应性反应，以最大限度地提高能量提取，但需要进一步的研究来确定这种改变的社区所发挥的作用。
The enteric microbiome is known to play a major role in healthy gut homeostasis and several disease states. It may also contribute to both the intestinal recovery and complications that occur in patients with short bowel syndrome. The extent and nature of alterations to the gut microbiota following intestinal resection, however, are not well studied in a controlled setting. The purpose of this investigation is to characterize the effects of massive small bowel resection on the murine enteric microflora. Wild-type C57BL6 mice, following a week of acclamation to a liquid rodent diet, underwent either 50 % proximal small bowel resection (SBR) or a sham operation. Mice were sacrificed, and enteric contents from the small bowel, cecum, and stool were harvested at 7 and 90 days post-operatively. DNA was isolated, and the V3–V5 regions of the 16s rRNA gene amplified and pyrosequenced on a Roche 454 platform. Sequences were clustered into operation taxonomic units and classified. Communities were then analyzed for diversity and phylogenic composition. In the long-term group, the microbes inhabiting the ileum of mice undergoing SBR and sham operation differed significantly at the genus level (p<0.001). Small bowel contents collected before and after SBR also differed significantly (p= 0.006). This was driven by an increase in Lactobacillus and decrease in Enterobacteriaceae species in mice undergoing SBR. No difference was seen in the long-term stool or in stool, cecal, or ileal contents in the short-term. No difference in microbial community diversity was found in any group. Bowel resection induces long-term changes in the microbial community of the murine ileum, but not at more distal sites of the gastrointestinal tract. The increase in Lactobacillus encountered small bowel of resected mice correlates with limited previous studies. These changes may reflect an adaptive response of the microbiota to maximize energy extraction, but further studies are needed to establish the role played by this altered community.