Chitosan oligomers and copper sulfate induce grapevine defense reactions and resistance to gray mold and downy mildew
Chitosan oligomers and copper sulfate induce grapevine defense reactions and resistance to gray mold and downy mildew
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DOI：
10.1094/phyto-96-1188
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发表时间：
2006-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Vernet, Guy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aziz, Aziz;Trotel-Aziz, Patricia;Vernet, Guy
壳聚糖（CHN）是甲壳素的脱乙酰基衍生物，具有促进植物防御反应的作用。不同分子量（MW）和乙酰化程度（DA）的CHN低聚物引发了植物抗毒素，反式和顺式白藜芦醇及其衍生物F-葡萄苷和白藜芦醇苷，在葡萄藤叶片中的积累。在与200 μ g/ml、MW为1，500和DA为20%的CHN（CHN 1.5/20）一起孵育的48 μ l内实现了最高的植物防御素产量，而具有更大MW的寡聚体效率较低，表明植物防御素反应可能需要特定的MW阈值。用高活性CHN1.5/20处理葡萄藤叶片也导致几丁质酶和β-1，3-葡聚糖酶活性的显著诱导。CHN1.5/20与硫酸铜（CuSO_4）配合施用强烈诱导植保素积累。CuSO 4单独，特别是在低浓度下也引起了大量生产的植物抗毒素在葡萄藤叶片。还提供的证据表明，CHN1.5/20显着减少感染的葡萄藤叶片灰葡萄孢和霜霉病，并在与硫酸铜的组合赋予对这两种病原体的保护。
Chitosan (CHN), a deacetylated derivative of chitin, was shown to be efficient in promoting plant defense reactions. CHN oligomers of different molecular weight (MW) and degree of acetylation (DA) triggered an accumulation of phytoalexins, trans- and cis-resveratrol and their derivatives F-viniferin and piceid, in grapevine leaves. Highest phytoalexin production was achieved within 48 It of incubation with CHN at 200 mu g/ml with an MW of 1,500 and a DA of 20% (CHN1.5/20), while oligomers with greater MW were less efficient, indicating that a specific MW threshold could be required for phytoalexin response. Treatment of grapevine leaves by highly active CHN1.5/20 also led to marked induction of chitinase and beta-1,3-glucanase activities. CHN1.5/20 applied together with copper sulfate (CuSO4) strongly induced phytoalexin accumulation. CuSO4 alone, especially at low concentrations also elicited a substantial production of phytoalexins in grapevine leaves. Evidence is also provided that CHN1.5/20 significantly reduced the infection of grapevine leaves by Botrytis cinerea and Plasmopara viticola, and in combination with CuSO4 conferred protection against both pathogens.