Drivers of soil microbial community assembly during recovery from selective logging and clear-cutting
Drivers of soil microbial community assembly during recovery from selective logging and clear-cutting
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选择性伐木和皆伐恢复过程中土壤微生物群落组装的驱动因素
DOI：
10.1111/1365-2664.13976
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Luo Tushou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen Jie;Chazdon Robin L.;Swenson Nathan G.;Xu Han;Luo Tushou
尽管在了解森林砍伐和采伐对地上群落的影响方面取得了重要进展，但这些干扰如何影响土壤微生物β多样性以及驱动微生物群落的生态过程仍然知之甚少。此外，在采伐后森林恢复过程中，微生物的迁移是否以及如何影响植被组成和多样性仍是个未知数。中国在海南岛热带原生林和自然恢复半个世纪的采伐后斑块的空间网格实验设计中，表征和解释了原始森林、择木和皆伐林土壤微生物相似性的距离-衰变关系。基于系统发育和分类β多样性的细菌群落空间周转率较低，而基于系统发育β多样性的真菌群落空间周转率较高，表明真菌组成具有较高的系统发育变异性。基于两种β多样性，砍伐地显示细菌和真菌群落的空间周转率较低，表明群落同质化。微生物群落的主要驱动力从原始森林的土壤性质转移到选择性采伐地的树木组成上，而采伐迹地的微生物-树木关联度下降，导致随机组织的微生物群落的合成和应用。选择性采伐后真菌系统发育周转率随着树木周转率的增加促进了植物多样性的非辅助恢复。相比之下，采伐后树木和微生物周转的脱钩建议以植树为基础的恢复方法，并应考虑与土壤整体微生物群落有很强相关性的树种。我们的发现促进了对土壤微生物组合的空间格局、过程和驱动因素的理解，同时也促进了在砍伐后的热带森林更新过程中树木群落恢复的同时，突出了树木和土壤真菌群落之间的耦合组合格局对于保护热带森林生物多样性的重要性。
Despite important progress in understanding the impacts of forest clearing and logging on above‐ground communities, how these disturbances affect soil microbial β‐diversity and the ecological processes driving microbial assemblages are poorly understood. Furthermore, whether and how the microbial shifts affect vegetation composition and diversity during recovery of post‐logged forests remain elusive.Using a spatial grid experiment design in a primary tropical forest intermixed with post‐logged patches naturally recovered for half century in Hainan Island, China, we characterized and explained the distance–decay relationships of soil microbial similarities in primary, selectively logged and clear‐cut forests.Selectively logged sites showed a lower spatial turnover rate of bacterial assemblages based on phylogenetic and taxonomic β‐diversity, but a higher spatial turnover rate of fungal assemblages based on phylogenetic β‐diversity, suggesting a higher level of phylogenetic variability in fungal composition. Clear‐cut sites showed lower spatial turnover for both bacterial and fungal assemblages based on the two β‐diversity, indicating community homogenization. Main drivers of microbial assemblages shifted from soil properties in primary forest to tree composition in selectively logged sites, whereas microbial–tree associations declined in clear‐cut sites, leading to stochastically organized microbial assemblages.Synthesis and applications.The increased fungal phylogenetic turnover with tree turnover following selective logging promotes unassisted recovery of plant diversity. In contrast, the decoupling of tree and microbial turnover following clear‐cutting suggests restoration approaches based on tree planting, and tree species that have strong associations with bulk soil microbial community should be considered. Our findings advance the understanding of spatial patterns, processes and drivers of soil microbial assemblages in parallel with tree community recovery during regeneration of post‐logged tropical forests, and highlight the importance of coupling assemblage patterns between tree and soil fungal communities for conserving tropical forest biodiversity.