TODDLERS SOCIAL COORDINATIONS - CHANGING RESPONSES TO ANOTHERS INVITATION TO PLAY
TODDLERS SOCIAL COORDINATIONS - CHANGING RESPONSES TO ANOTHERS INVITATION TO PLAY
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DOI：
10.1037/0012-1649.25.5.794
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发表时间：
1989-09-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
DIDOW, SM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ECKERMAN, CO;DIDOW, SM
这项研究观察了28名幼儿，分别在16个月、20个月、24个月、28个月和32个月，观察他们对成人设定的游戏提议的反应。学生的行为被编码为(a)他们与成人的序曲的关系（协调的、干扰的、切向的和不相关的），(b)对成人的替代序曲，(c)声音/词语的使用。协调反应随年龄增长而增加；大多数是由非语言模仿组成的，但随着年龄的增长，更多的是语言模仿和口头指导成年人。替代的提议也随着年龄的增长而增加，并越来越多地以相同或不同的形式重复。最后，语言越来越多地用于调节幼儿和成人之间的活动：在他们的协调反应中，幼儿越来越多地描述自己的行为并指导成人；在他们的替代提议中，他们口头要求成年人承担一个新的角色。提出的模式将形成和维持社会协调的发展变化与协商协调行动主题的变化结合起来。
This study observed 28 toddlers, longitudinally at 16, 20, 24, 28, and 32 months, reacting to an adult''s programmed play overtures. Ss'' actions were coded for (a) their relation to the adult''s overture (coordinated, interfering, tangential, and unrelated), (b) alternative overtures to the adult, and (c) the uses of sounds/words. Coordinated responses increased with age; most consisted of nonverbal imitation, but, with increasing age, more involved verbal imitation and verbally directing the adult. Alternative overtures also increased with age and were increasingly repeated in same or varied form. Finally, words were increasingly used to regulate the activity between toddler and adult: In their coordinated responses, toddlers increasing described their own actions and directed the adult; in their alternative overtures, they verbally requested the adult to assume a new role. A proposed model integrates developmental changes in forming and maintaining social coordinations with changes in negotiating the topic for coordinated action.