Dynamics and inheritance of the endoplasmic reticulum
Dynamics and inheritance of the endoplasmic reticulum
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DOI：
10.1242/jcs.01286
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发表时间：
2004-06-15
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Novick, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Du, YR;Ferro-Novick, S;Novick, P
内质网（ER）由一个多边形排列的相互连接的小管和片组成，分布在整个真核细胞中，并与核被膜相邻。这种精细的结构是通过一个不断的重塑过程来创造和维持的，该过程涉及新小管的形成、它们的细胞骨架运输和同型融合。由于ER是一个大的单拷贝细胞器，它必须在细胞分裂过程中主动分离成子细胞。最近对芽殖酵母的分析表明，内质网的遗传涉及到细胞质内质网小管通过V型肌球蛋白沿着沿着肌动蛋白电缆极化运输到新形成的芽中。然后小管锚定在芽尖的一个位点，这需要外囊复合物的Sec3p亚基。然后ER沿着芽的皮层增殖，产生与母细胞相似的皮层ER结构。在动物细胞中，ER主要沿沿着微管运动，而肌动蛋白纤维起补充作用。目前还不清楚酵母中控制ER分布的其他成分在动物细胞中保守到什么程度。
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) consists of a polygonal array of interconnected tubules and sheets that spreads throughout the eukaryotic cell and is contiguous with the nuclear envelope. This elaborate structure is created and maintained by a constant remodeling process that involves the formation of new tubules, their cytoskeletal transport and homotypic fusion. Since the ER is a large, single-copy organelle, it must be actively segregated into daughter cells during cell division. Recent analysis in budding yeast indicates that ER inheritance involves the polarized transport of cytoplasmic ER tubules into newly formed buds along actin cables by a type V myosin. The tubules then become anchored to a site at the bud tip and this requires the Sec3p subunit of the exocyst complex. The ER is then propagated along the cortex of the bud to yield a cortical ER structure similar to that of the mother cell. In animal cells, the ER moves predominantly along microtubules, whereas actin fibers serve a complementary role. It is not yet clear to what extent the other components controlling ER distribution in yeast might be conserved in animal cells.