Eye Tracking During High Speed Navigation at Sea
Eye Tracking During High Speed Navigation at Sea
复制标题
海上高速航行期间的眼动追踪
DOI：
10.4236/jtts.2012.23030
复制
发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hoe C Lee
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
F. Forsman;Anna Sjörs;J. Dahlman;T. Falkmer;Hoe C Lee
目的：专业的高速海上导航程序基于环境中的转折点、航线、危险和转向线索。由于导航设备变得越来越便宜，并且由于电子海图可以与雷达和转发器信息集成，因此可以认为使用纸质海图和雷达的传统导航在未来将发挥不那么重要的作用，特别是对于经验不足的导航员来说。因此，有经验的船驾驶员和无经验的船驾驶员在使用导航设备方面可能存在的导航差异令人感兴趣。人们可能会认为，经验不足的航海者过于依赖电子海图提供的信息，尽管事实上电子海图基于可能受到质疑的 GPS 信息，特别是在靠近陆地的沿海水域。方法：这项眼动追踪研究调查了 16 名经验丰富和新手船驾驶员在海上高速航行时的注视行为。结果：结果显示，新手驾驶员会看离自己较近的物体，例如仪表，而经验丰富的驾驶员则更多地看远离船只的物体。这与之前对汽车驾驶员的研究一致。此外，新手船驾驶员比经验丰富的船驾驶员更广泛地使用电子导航设备，尤其是在高速条件下。经验丰富的驾驶员将大部分注意力集中在船外的物体上。结论：研究结果证实，新手船驾驶员倾向于依赖电子导航设备。经验丰富的驾驶员可能会使用导航设备来验证他们在周围环境中观察到的情况，并比新手驾驶员更大程度地进一步使用纸质海图。
Purpose: Professional high speed sea navigational procedures are based on turn points, courses, dangers and steering cues in the environment. Since navigational aids have become less expensive and due to the fact that electronic sea charts can be integrated with both radar and transponder information, it may be assumed that traditional navigation by using paper based charts and radar will play a less significant role in the future, especially among less experienced navigators. Possible navigational differences between experienced and non-experienced boat drivers is thus of interest with regards to their use of navigational aids. It may be assumed that less experienced navigators rely too much on the information given by the electronic sea chart, despite the fact that it is based on GPS information that can be questioned, especially in littoral waters close to land. Method: This eye tracking study investigates gaze behaviour from 16 ex perienced and novice boat drivers during high speed navigation at sea. Results: The results show that the novice drivers look at objects that are close to themselves, like instrumentation, while the experienced look more at objects far away from the boat. This is in accordance with previous research on car drivers. Further, novice boat drivers used the electronic navigational aids to a larger extent than the experienced, especially during high speed conditions. The experienced drivers focused much of their attention on objects outside the boat. Conclusions: The findings verify that novice boat drivers tend to rely on electronic navigational aids. Experienced drivers presumably use the navigational aids to verify what they have observed in the surrounding environment and further use the paper based sea chart to a larger extent than the novice drivers.
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Bowers AR;Mandel AJ;Goldstein RB;Peli E
通讯作者：
Peli E
DOI：
10.1167/1.3.184
发表时间：
2003-04
期刊：
Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance
影响因子：
--
作者：
B. Fajen;W. H. Warren
通讯作者：
B. Fajen;W. H. Warren
患有白内障的老年驾驶员发生碰撞事故的视觉风险因素。
DOI：
10.1001/archopht.119.6.881
发表时间：
2001
期刊：
Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Owsley,C;Stalvey,BT;Wells,J;Sloane,ME;McGwinJr,G
通讯作者：
McGwinJr,G