Site-Specific Protein Ubiquitylation Using an Engineered, Chimeric E1 Activating Enzyme and E2 SUMO Conjugating Enzyme Ubc9.

Site-Specific Protein Ubiquitylation Using an Engineered, Chimeric E1 Activating Enzyme and E2 SUMO Conjugating Enzyme Ubc9.
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使用工程化嵌合E1激活酶和E2 SUMO缀合酶Ubc9的位点特异性蛋白质泛素化。

DOI:
10.1021/acscentsci.1c01490
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发表时间:
2022-02-23
影响因子:
18.2
通讯作者:
Bode JW
Bode JW
中科院分区:
化学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Akimoto G;Fernandes AP;Bode JW

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泛素化——泛素 (Ub) 与真核细胞中蛋白质的附着——涉及来自三种不同类别的大量酶,从而产生异质附着位点和泛素链。最近,我们引入了使用缀合酶 (LACE) 的赖氨酸酰化,其中泛素或肽硫酯通过 SUMO E2 缀合酶 Ubc9 位点特异性转移到短肽标签上。然而,由于限速硫酯加载步骤,该过程动力学缓慢,并且对硫酯的需求限制了其在体外反应中的使用。为了克服这些挑战,我们设计了一种嵌合 E1,其中包含 SUMO E1 的 Ub 折叠结构域和 Ub E1 的其余结构域,它激活并将天然 Ub 加载到 Ubc9 上,并消除了 LACE 中对 Ub 硫酯的需要。嵌合 E1 经过定向进化,将其表观二阶速率常数 (kcat/KM) 提高了 400 倍。我们通过在体外将单泛素和寡泛素定点转移至各种靶蛋白来证明嵌合 E1 的实用性。此外,嵌合 E1、Ubc9、Ub 和靶蛋白可以在大肠杆菌中共表达,以便轻松制备单泛素化蛋白。一种工程化和进化的嵌合泛素 E1 酶将泛素加载到 SUMO E2 酶 Ubc9 上,从而允许在体外进行位点特异性单泛素化和寡泛素化,以及在大肠杆菌中进行单泛素化。
Ubiquitylation—the attachment of ubiquitin (Ub) to proteins in eukaryotic cells—involves a vast number of enzymes from three different classes, resulting in heterogeneous attachment sites and ubiquitin chains. Recently, we introduced lysine acylation using conjugating enzymes (LACE) in which ubiquitin or peptide thioester is site-specifically transferred to a short peptide tag by the SUMO E2 conjugating enzyme Ubc9. This process, however, suffers from slow kinetics—due to a rate-limiting thioester loading step—and the requirement for thioesters restricts its use to in vitro reactions. To overcome these challenges, we devised a chimeric E1 containing the Ub fold domain of the SUMO E1 and the remaining domains of the Ub E1, which activates and loads native Ub onto Ubc9 and obviates the need for Ub thioester in LACE. The chimeric E1 was subjected to directed evolution to improve its apparent second-order rate constant (kcat/KM) 400-fold. We demonstrate the utility of the chimeric E1 by site-specific transfer of mono- and oligo-Ub to various target proteins in vitro. Additionally, the chimeric E1, Ubc9, Ub, and the target protein can be coexpressed in Escherichia coli for the facile preparation of monoubiquitylated proteins. An engineered and evolved chimeric ubiquitin E1 enzyme loads ubiquitin on the SUMO E2 enzyme Ubc9, allowing for site-specific mono- and oligoubiquitylation in vitro and monoubiquitylation in E. coli.
DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00737
发表时间: 2018-02-14
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