The role of the wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in formation and maintenance of bone and teeth.
The role of the wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in formation and maintenance of bone and teeth.
复制标题
Wnt/β-catenin信号通路在骨和牙齿的形成和维持中的作用。
DOI：
10.1016/j.biocel.2016.05.015
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发表时间：
2016-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bonewald LF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Duan P;Bonewald LF
Wnt信号通路被认为是调节细胞整个生命周期命运的重要分子级联反应之一。 Wnt信号通路进一步分为依赖于β-catenin功能的经典信号通路（Wnt/β-catenin通路）和独立于β-catenin运行的非经典信号通路（平面细胞极性通路和Wnt/Ca2+通路）。 Wnt/β-catenin信号通路非常复杂，由众多受体、抑制剂、激活剂、调节剂、磷酸酶、激酶和其他成分组成。然而，该途径有一个核心且关键的分子，β-连环蛋白。虽然至少有 3 种受体，LRP 4、5 和 6，以及 20 多种被称为 WNT 的激活剂，以及几种抑制剂，如 sclerostin、dickkopf 和分泌型卷曲相关蛋白，但这些都以 β-catenin 为目标。这些调节剂/调节剂的作用是将 β-连环蛋白靶向蛋白酶体进行降解或靶向细胞核以调节基因表达。因此，β-catenin与不同因子的相互作用以及Wnt/β-catenin信号通路将成为本次综述的主题，重点基于基础和临床前研究，重点探讨该通路如何与骨和牙齿的形成和维护相关并发挥作用。这篇综述还深入探讨了该途径在骨细胞（嵌入矿化基质中的骨细胞）中的作用。该途径不仅对于矿化组织的生长和发育很重要，而且对于响应加载和卸载的骨骼调节以及成人和衰老骨骼的活力和健康也很重要。
The Wnt signaling pathway is known as one of the important molecular cascades that regulate cell fate throughout lifespan. The Wnt signaling pathway is further separated into the canonical signaling pathway that depends on the function of β-catenin (Wnt/β-catenin pathway) and the noncanonical pathways that operate independently of β-catenin (planar cell polarity pathway and Wnt/Ca2+ pathway). The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is complex and consists of numerous receptors, inhibitors, activators, modulators, phosphatases, kinases and other components. However, there is one central, critical molecule to this pathway, β-catenin. While there are at least 3 receptors, LRP 4, 5 and 6, and over twenty activators known as the wnts, and several inhibitors such as sclerostin, dickkopf and secreted frizzled-related protein, these all target β-catenin. These regulators/modulators function to target β-catenin either to the proteasome for degradation or to the nucleus to regulate gene expression. Therefore, the interaction of β-catenin with different factors and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway will be the subject of this review with a focus on how this pathway relates to and functions in the formation and maintenance of bone and teeth based on mainly basic and pre-clinical research. Also in this review, the role of this pathway in osteocytes, bone cells embedded in the mineralized matrix, is covered in depth. This pathway is not only important in mineralized tissue growth and development, but for modulation of the skeleton in response to loading and unloading and the viability and health of the adult and aging skeleton.