Electrophysiological correlates of spontaneous mind wandering in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Electrophysiological correlates of spontaneous mind wandering in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112632
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发表时间：
2020-08-05
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Michelini, Giorgia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bozhilova, Natali;Cooper, Ruth;Michelini, Giorgia
我们最近假设自发思维徘徊（MW-S）反映了注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）的核心过程。先前的研究表明，在注意过程中，患有ADHD和神经型个体的个体表现出相似的认知绩效和电生理（EEG）障碍。但是，与ADHD中MW-S增加有关的认知EEG标记仍然知之甚少。因此，在持续关注响应任务期间，我们在69个具有多动症的性别和年龄匹配的成年人和29个对照的样本中研究了此类标记。我们比较了组之间注意力过程的任务绩效和脑电图措施（P3，时间频率的脑振荡），并通过MW-S的验证自我报告问卷调查了他们的关联。最后，我们检验了MW-S和ADHD诊断与使用层次回归模型相同的认知障碍有关的假设。与对照组相比，患有多动症的成年人在响应抑制期间（NO-GO试验）和响应执行期间的Theta功率激活（GO试验）（GO试验）（GO反应时间可变性）以及增加的反应时间可变性和更多的佣金/委员会/委托误差，在P3，与事件相关的Alpha和Beta抑制中显示衰减。 MW-S也与大多数与多动症相关的认知EEG措施不断相关。与ADHD诊断和MW-S相关的措施的分层回归表明，MW-S并未解释超出多动症诊断的认知EEG标记（抑制Beta抑制除外）的其他方差，反之亦然。这些发现与我们的假设是一致的，即ADHD诊断和MW-S具有共同的神经缺陷，并且MW-S可能反映了该疾病的核心症状。
We recently hypothesised that increased spontaneous mind wandering (MW-S) reflects a core process underlying attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Previous studies show that individuals with ADHD and neurotypical individuals with increased MW-S display similar cognitive-performance and electrophysiological (EEG) impairments in attentional processes. However, the cognitive-EEG markers associated with increased MW-S in ADHD remain poorly understood. We therefore investigated such markers in a sample of 69 sex- and age-matched adults with ADHD and 29 controls during the Sustained Attention to Response Task. We compared task performance and EEG measures (P3, time-frequency brain-oscillations) of attentional processes between groups, and examined their association with a validated self-report questionnaire of MW-S. Finally, we tested the hypothesis that MW-S and ADHD diagnosis relate to the same cognitive-EEG impairments using a hierarchical regression model. Compared to controls, adults with ADHD showed attenuations in P3, event-related alpha and beta suppression during response inhibition (No-Go trials), and theta power activations during response execution (Go trials), as well as increased reaction time variability and more commission/omission errors. MW-S was also continuously associated with most cognitive-EEG measures related to ADHD. The hierarchical regressions on measures associated with both ADHD diagnosis and MW-S showed that MW-S did not explain additional variance in the cognitive-EEG markers (except for beta suppression) beyond ADHD diagnosis, and vice versa. These findings are consistent with our hypothesis that ADHD diagnosis and MW-S share common neural deficits, and that MW-S may reflect a core symptom of the disorder.