Pupil dilation dynamics track attention to high-level information.
Pupil dilation dynamics track attention to high-level information.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0102463
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Wheatley TP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kang OE;Huffer KE;Wheatley TP
长期以来，人们一直认为眼睛代表着心灵的内部运作。与这一直觉一致的是，实证研究表明，由于注意力的努力，瞳孔会放大。最近，斯莫尔伍德等人。(2011)证明，瞳孔扩张不仅提供了一个整体注意力努力的指数，而且与注意力期间(但不是在走神期间)的刺激变化有关。这一发现表明，瞳孔扩张提供了一种有意识的信息处理的动态读出。然而，由于他们研究中的刺激开始涉及到亮度和信息的变化，他们无法确定这种刺激和瞳孔动力学的耦合是否反映了对低水平(亮度)或高水平(信息)变化的注意。在这里，我们复制了斯莫尔伍德等人的方法和发现。(2011)，同时控制亮度变化。当呈现等亮度数字序列时，参与者的瞳孔扩张与刺激开始时同步，但在走神时不同步。这复制了斯莫尔伍德等人的观点。(2011)，并通过证明刺激-瞳孔耦合反映了感觉获得以外的在线认知加工来澄清他们的发现。
It has long been thought that the eyes index the inner workings of the mind. Consistent with this intuition, empirical research has demonstrated that pupils dilate as a consequence of attentional effort. Recently, Smallwood et al. (2011) demonstrated that pupil dilations not only provide an index of overall attentional effort, but are time-locked to stimulus changes during attention (but not during mind-wandering). This finding suggests that pupil dilations afford a dynamic readout of conscious information processing. However, because stimulus onsets in their study involved shifts in luminance as well as information, they could not determine whether this coupling of stimulus and pupillary dynamics reflected attention to low-level (luminance) or high-level (information) changes. Here, we replicated the methodology and findings of Smallwood et al. (2011) while controlling for luminance changes. When presented with isoluminant digit sequences, participants' pupillary dilations were synchronized with stimulus onsets when attending, but not when mind-wandering. This replicates Smallwood et al. (2011) and clarifies their finding by demonstrating that stimulus-pupil coupling reflects online cognitive processing beyond sensory gain.
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