Trade-off between Transcriptome Plasticity and Genome Evolution in Cephalopods.
Trade-off between Transcriptome Plasticity and Genome Evolution in Cephalopods.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cell.2017.03.025
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发表时间：
2017-04-06
期刊：
影响因子：
64.5
通讯作者：
Eisenberg E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liscovitch-Brauer N;Alon S;Porath HT;Elstein B;Unger R;Ziv T;Admon A;Levanon EY;Rosenthal JJC;Eisenberg E
RNA编辑是一种转录后过程，允许蛋白质组的多样化超越基因组蓝图;然而，它很少在动物中使用。最近的报告表明鱿鱼中RNA编辑水平的增加，因此提出了它们在这些生物中的性质和影响的问题。我们在这里表明，RNA编辑是特别常见的行为复杂的鞘翅目头足类动物，与成千上万的进化保守的网站。编辑在神经系统中富集，影响与兴奋性和神经元形态相关的分子。编辑位点侧翼的基因组序列是高度保守的，这表明该过程赋予了选择性优势。由于大量的位点，周围的保守性大大减少了蛋白质编码区的突变和基因组多态性的数量。基因组进化和转录组可塑性之间的这种权衡突出了RNA重编码作为多样化蛋白质的策略的重要性，特别是那些与神经功能相关的蛋白质。行为复杂的头足类动物使用广泛的RNA编辑来使其神经蛋白质组多样化，代价是限制基因组序列的灵活性和进化。
RNA editing, a post-transcriptional process, allows the diversification of proteomes beyond the genomic blueprint; however it is infrequently used among animals. Recent reports suggesting increased levels of RNA editing in squids thus raise the question of their nature and effects in these organisms. We here show that RNA editing is particularly common in behaviorally sophisticated coleoid cephalopods, with tens of thousands of evolutionarily conserved sites. Editing is enriched in the nervous system affecting molecules pertinent for excitability and neuronal morphology. The genomic sequence flanking editing sites is highly conserved, suggesting that the process confers a selective advantage. Due to the large number of sites, the surrounding conservation greatly reduces the number of mutations and genomic polymorphisms in protein coding regions. This trade-off between genome evolution and transcriptome plasticity highlights the importance of RNA recoding as a strategy for diversifying proteins, particularly those associated with neural function. Behaviorally complex cephalopods use extensive RNA editing to diversify their neural proteome at the cost of limiting genomic sequence flexibility and evolution.