Fjord systems and archives: a review
Fjord systems and archives: a review
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峡湾系统和档案：回顾
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Cage
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Howe;W. Austin;M. Forwick;M. Paetzel;R. Harland;A. Cage
摘要 峡湾是冰川过度加深的半封闭海洋盆地，通常有入口门槛将深水区与邻近的沿海水域分开，从而限制了水循环和氧气更新。峡湾的位置主要受现代或古代冰盖的出现所控制。因此，峡湾是代表陆地环境向海洋环境过渡的地貌特征，因此有可能保存环境变化的证据。通常，大多数峡湾都经历过多次冰川作用，一些高纬度峡湾仍然拥有常驻冰川。在大多数情况下，连续的冰川/间冰期循环的冰川侵蚀确保了峡湾内沉积物序列的去除。因此，峡湾的地层记录在很大程度上保留了过去 18 ka 左右的冰河-消冰期沉积循环。受遮蔽的水域和高沉积率有可能使峡湾成为理想的沉积环境，以高时间分辨率保存气候和环境变化的连续记录。除了充当高分辨率环境档案之外，峡湾还可以被视为微型海洋沉积盆地实验室。峡湾仍然是一个未被充分研究且经常被忽视的沉积领域。根据对气候变暖、海洋环流变化和海平面上升的预测，本书及时审视了这些环境敏感的海岸线。补充材料：术语表可在以下网址获取：http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/SUP18440。
Abstract Fjords are glacially over-deepened semi-enclosed marine basins, typically with entrance sills separating their deep waters from the adjacent coastal waters which restrict water circulation and thus oxygen renewal. The location of fjords is principally controlled by the occurrence of ice sheets, either modern or ancestral. Fjords are therefore geomorphological features that represent the transition from the terrestrial to the marine environment and, as such, have the potential to preserve evidence of environmental change. Typically, most fjords have been glaciated a number of times and some high-latitude fjords still possess a resident glacier. In most cases, glacial erosion through successive glacial/interglacial cycles has ensured the removal of sediment sequences within the fjord. Hence the stratigraphic record in fjords largely preserves a glacial-deglacial cycle of deposition over the last 18 ka or so. Sheltered water and high sedimentation rates have the potential to make fjords ideal depositional environments for preserving continuous records of climate and environmental change with high temporal resolution. In addition to acting as high-resolution environmental archives, fjords can also be thought of as mini-ocean sedimentary basin laboratories. Fjords remain an understudied and often neglected sedimentary realm. With predictions of warming climates, changing ocean circulation and rising sea levels, this volume is a timely look at these environmentally sensitive coastlines. Supplementary material: The Glossary is available at: http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/SUP18440.