Effect of different forms of selenium on the plant-soil-earthworm system
Effect of different forms of selenium on the plant-soil-earthworm system
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DOI：
10.1002/jpln.201600492
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发表时间：
2017-04
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Ivna Štolfa;Mirna Velki;Rosemary Vukovic;Sandra Ečimović;Zorana Katanić;Z. Lončarić
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ivna Štolfa;Mirna Velki;Rosemary Vukovic;Sandra Ečimović;Zorana Katanić;Z. Lončarić
硒（Se）是人类、动物和某些低等植物必需的微量营养素，但在较高浓度下，Se对生物体具有毒性。硒的有益作用和毒性之间的界限很窄，取决于其化学形式、施用浓度和其他环境调节因素。由于在较高浓度下的毒性的潜在风险，本研究的目的是估计不同形式的硒的浓度增加对小麦-土壤-土壤系统的响应的影响。土壤、蚯蚓和小麦籽粒暴露于浓度为0.01、0.1和1 mg/kg的亚硒酸盐和硒酸盐形式的硒。作为小麦氧化胁迫的指标，测定了脂质过氧化水平（LPO）和总H2 O2含量，而抗氧化反应则通过过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPX）和谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）活性来测定。蚯蚓体内的生物标志物响应通过乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）、羧酸酯酶（CES）和抗氧化酶（CAT和谷胱甘肽S-转移酶）活性来确定。亚硒酸盐和硒酸盐增加了小麦和蚯蚓中硒的含量，而硒酸盐的施用更有效，表明这种硒形式的生物积累更高。两种硒形态均未引起LPO水平和H2 O2含量的显著变化，而GPX活性在所有处理中均升高，表明小麦中未诱导氧化胁迫。在蚯蚓中，硒显着降低AChE和CAT的活性在某些浓度下，而CES的活性在所有浓度的应用增加。这项研究表明硒对小麦和蚯蚓的生化反应有显着影响，表明体内平衡的破坏。所获得的结果可以作为硒效应的进一步研究的基础，并将有助于包括不同方面的必要了解硒对土壤生态系统的不同组成部分的影响。
Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for humans, animals and certain lower plants, but at higher concentrations Se becomes toxic to organisms. The boundary between the Se beneficial effect and its toxicity is narrow and depends on its chemical form, applied concentration, and other environmentally regulating factors. Due to the potential risk of toxicity in higher concentration, the aim of this study was to estimate the impact of increased concentrations of different forms of Se on the response of wheat-soil-earthworm system. Soil, earthworms and wheat grains were exposed to the Se in form of selenite and selenate in concentrations of 0.01, 0.1 and 1 mg/kg. As an indicator of oxidative stress in wheat, lipid peroxidation levels (LPO) and total H2O2 content were determined, while antioxidative response was determined by catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities. The biomarker responses in earthworms were determined by acetylcholinesterase (AChE), carboxylesterase (CES) and antioxidative enzymes (CAT and glutathione S-transferase) activities. Selenite and selenate increased Se content in the wheat and earthworms, while selenate application was more efficient, indicating higher bioaccumulation of this Se form. Both Se forms did not cause significant changes in the LPO level and H2O2 content, while GPX activities were elevated in all treatments, suggesting that oxidative stress was not induced in wheat. In earthworms, Se significantly reduced activities of AChE and CAT at some concentrations, while CES activity was increased at all concentrations applied. This study showed significant impact of Se on measured biochemical responses in wheat and earthworms, indicating the disruption of homeostasis. Obtained results can serve as basis for further studies on Se effects and will help in including different aspects necessary for understanding of Se impact on different components of soil ecosystems.