Seedling and adult plant resistance to Sitobion avenae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Triticum monococcum (Poaceae), an ancestor of wheat
Seedling and adult plant resistance to Sitobion avenae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Triticum monococcum (Poaceae), an ancestor of wheat
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DOI：
10.1079/ber2003278
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发表时间：
2004-02-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Lamb, RJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Migui, SM;Lamb, RJ
麦蚜是小麦的重要害虫。和硬粒小麦（Triticum durum Desf.）在北美中部，作物抗性是一种理想的管理谷物蚜虫的方法，那里的主要作物，春播小麦，每单位面积的价值很低。小麦的二倍体祖先，一粒小麦，据报道，部分抗麦长管蚜（Fabricius），最具破坏性的谷物蚜虫在该地区。为了确定潜在的抗性来源，42份T。用蚜虫侵染monococcum和三种栽培小麦，幼苗6天，成年植株21天。通过与未受侵染的对照植物相关的叶和穗的生物量损失来估计总体抗性。通过蚜虫在侵染期间生物量的增加来估计抗生素，并且通过生物量转化率、总体抗性除以蚜虫侵染来估计耐受性。一些T。单孢菌属表现出部分抗性。苗期和成株抗性之间没有关系：前者主要表现为黄化，后者主要表现为耐受。与商品小麦相比，两个加入与麦蚜生物量减少了60%。耐性与生长势相关，并且仅在具有高生长势的加入中有用。四个加入表现出的耐受性水平至少比商业小麦高30%。鉴定出了高感材料，为进一步研究烟草赤星病的遗传规律和耐病性奠定了基础。
Cereal aphids are important pests of wheat, Triticum aestivum L. and Triticum durum Desf. Crop resistance is a desirable method for managing cereal aphids in central North America, where the dominant crop, spring-sown wheat, has a low value per unit area. A diploid ancestor of wheat, Triticum monococcum L., is reported to be partially resistant to Sitobion avenae (Fabricius), the most damaging cereal aphid in the region. To identify potential sources of resistance, 42 accessions of T. monococcum and three cultivated wheats were infested with aphids, seedlings for six days and adult plants for 21 days. Overall resistance was estimated by the biomass loss of foliage and spikes in relation to uninfested control plants. Antibiosis was estimated by the gain in biomass of aphids during infestation, and tolerance was estimated as a biomass conversion ratio, overall resistance divided by antibiosis. A few T. monococcum accessions exhibited partial resistance. No relationship was found between seedling and adult plant resistance: the former exhibited primarily antibiosis and the latter primarily tolerance. Two accessions with antibiosis reduced aphid biomass by 60% compared with commercial wheats. Tolerance was correlated with growth potential, and was useful only in accessions with high growth potential. Four accessions exhibited tolerance levels at least 30% greater than commercial wheats. Highly susceptible accessions also were identified, which would be useful for investigating the inheritance of antibiosis and tolerance.