Economic Effects of Clean Indoor Air Policies on Bar and Restaurant Employment in Minneapolis and St Paul, Minnesota
Economic Effects of Clean Indoor Air Policies on Bar and Restaurant Employment in Minneapolis and St Paul, Minnesota
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DOI：
10.1097/phh.0b013e3181c60ea9
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发表时间：
2010-07-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Schillo, Barbara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Klein, Elizabeth G.;Forster, Jean L.;Schillo, Barbara
目标：清洁室内空气(CIA)政策已被美国和国际上的社区采用，以保护所有工作场所的员工免受环境烟草烟雾的影响。有人担心，在工作场所禁烟，特别是在酒吧和餐馆禁烟，将导致严重的负面经济影响。尽管客观研究一直没有发现CIA政策对经济的显著影响，但人们仍然担心CIA的政策将对酒店业产生负面影响。方法：对明尼苏达州明尼阿波利斯和圣保罗酒吧和餐馆的就业情况进行独立评估，时间跨度为五年，期间每个城市都制定了中央情报局的政策。中断的时间序列分析被用来评估当地CIA政策的短期、中期和长期经济影响，占酒店业的其余部分。结果：美国中央情报局的政策与明尼阿波利斯和圣保罗餐馆的就业人数增加了3%至4%有关，这与占酒店业其他行业的就业人数有关。中央情报局的政策与酒吧雇佣的联系是不一致的。中央情报局在明尼阿波利斯的一项综合政策与酒吧就业人数增加了5%至6%有关，而圣保罗的酒吧就业人数没有显著下降1%。CIA的政策继续为酒吧和餐馆员工提供最好的保护，防止他们在工作场所暴露在环境烟草烟雾中，而且在美国中西部的两个城市，短期或长期内与大规模的就业变化无关。
Objectives: Clean indoor air (CIA) policies have been adopted by communities across the United States and internationally to protect employees in all workplaces from exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. Concerns have been raised that banning smoking in workplaces, particularly in bars and restaurants, will result in severe, negative economic effects. Although objective studies have consistently found no significant economic effects from CIA policies, the concerns persist that CIA policies will negatively affect hospitality businesses. Methods: Employment in bars and restaurants in Minneapolis and St Paul, Minnesota, was independently evaluated over a five-year period during which CIA policies were established in each city. An interrupted time series analysis was used to evaluate the short-, intermediate, and longer-term economic effects of the local CIA policies, accounting for the rest of the hospitality industry. Results: The CIA polices were associated with an increase of three percent to four percent in employment for restaurants in Minneapolis and St Paul, after accounting for the rest of the hospitality industry. The CIA policies were inconsistent in their association with bar employment. A comprehensive CIA policy in Minneapolis was associated with an increase of five percent to six percent in bar employment, and St Paul had a one percent nonsignificant decrease in bar employment. The CIA policies continue to yield the best protection against workplace exposure to environmental tobacco smoke for bars and restaurant employees and were not associated with large employment changes for the short or longer term in two urban Midwestern cities in the United States.