Low genetic diversity in the endangered marine alga Silvetia siliquosa (Ochrophyta: Fucaceae) and the implication to conservation
Low genetic diversity in the endangered marine alga Silvetia siliquosa (Ochrophyta: Fucaceae) and the implication to conservation
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DOI：
10.1007/s00343-021-0400-y
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发表时间：
2021-06-24
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Hu, Zi-min
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liang, Yanshuo;Zhang, Jie;Hu, Zi-min
虽然大量的研究工作已经针对濒危陆地植物群和动物群的保护和管理，但尝试仅限于保护受威胁的海藻。Silvetia siliquosa是一种具有重要生态和商业价值的棕色植物，独特地分布于黄海和朝鲜西南海岸沿着。自1990年代中期以来，其分布范围和生物量大幅下降，表明该物种已濒临灭绝。本研究利用核内转录间隔区和串联线粒体细胞色素氧化酶I亚基+基因间间隔区的方法，对中国南方红豆杉的遗传多样性、群体连接性和遗传分化程度进行了研究。在中国和韩国长角果。分子生物学结果显示，S.角果属种群，分别在136份和143份标本中仅检测到三种线粒体单倍型和核核糖体型。分子方差分析表明，居群间的遗传变异在85%~ 95%之间。群体分化系数（F-ST）和基因流（N-m）表明，沿着韩国南海岸的两个群体（JIN和GWA）与其他群体之间存在高度分化，遗传交换较弱。无论是在中国或沿着地理上接近韩国西海岸的种群之间没有观察到显着的遗传分化。因此，指定了四个独立的管理单位进行可持续管理：中国的LII和罗斯种群，韩国西海岸沿着YEO和CHA种群，以及韩国南海岸的GWA和JIN种群。建议采用人工栽培和移栽的方法。角果是恢复和保护的有效途径。
Although significant research efforts have been targeted toward conservation and management of endangered terrestrial flora and fauna, attempts have been limited to conserve threatened seaweeds. Silvetia siliquosa is an ecologically and commercially vital brown alga that is uniquely distributed in the Yellow-Bohai Sea and along the southwest coast of Korea. A massive decline in its distribution range and biomass from the mid-1990s onward indicates that this species has become endangered. In the present study, we used nuclear internal transcribed spacer and concatenated mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I subunit+intergenic spacer to estimate the genetic diversity, population connectivity, and degree of genetic differentiation of S. siliquosa in China and Korea. The molecular results exhibited strikingly low levels of haplotype/ribotype and nucleotide diversity in S. siliquosa populations, with only three mitochondrial haplotypes and nuclear ribotypes detected in 136 and 143 specimens, respectively. The analysis of molecular variance revealed 85%-95% of genetic variance among populations. Population differentiation coefficient (F-ST) and gene flow (N-m) suggested that two populations (JIN and GWA) along the southern coast of Korea are highly divergent from the others, with weak genetic exchange. No significant genetic differentiation was observed among populations either in China or along the geographically proximate west coast of Korea. Thus, four independent management units were designated for sustainable management: the LII and RUS populations in China, the YEO and CHA populations along the west coast of Korea, and each of the GWA and JIN populations along the south coast of Korea. We suggest that artificial cultivation and transplantation of S. siliquosa are the effective approaches for restoration and conservation.