From beyond to within their grasp: the rudiments of analogical problem solving in 10- and 13-month-olds.
From beyond to within their grasp: the rudiments of analogical problem solving in 10- and 13-month-olds.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1037//0012-1649.33.5.790
复制
发表时间：
1997
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Zhe Chen;R. Sanchez;T. Campbell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhe Chen;R. Sanchez;T. Campbell
我们进行了四个实验来评估婴儿解决同构问题的能力，并探讨早期表征的本质。10个月和13个月大的婴儿试图解决需要结合两个子目标才能将一个玩具（目标物体）放在触手可及的范围内的问题。采用问题系列范式，提出3个表面特征不同但具有共同目标结构和相似解决方案的任务。结果表明，13个月大的婴儿在同构问题中迁移模型解决策略，而10个月大的婴儿只有在经历了多源问题或问题之间的高度感知相似性后才会迁移模型解决策略。理解解决方案行动和结果之间的关系，以及工具和目标对象之间的关系，似乎对转移至关重要。结果表明，1岁儿童能够构建相对抽象和灵活的心理表征，解决类比问题可能是1岁儿童的主要成就之一。
Four experiments were conducted to assess infants ability to solve isomorphic problems and to explore the nature of early representations. Ten- and 13-month-olds attempted to solve problems that required combining 2 subgoals to bring a toy (goal object) within reach. A problem-series paradigm was used in which 3 tasks differing in surface features but sharing common goal structures and similar solutions were presented. The results indicate that 13-month-olds transferred a modeled solution strategy across isomorphic problems, whereas 10-month-olds did so only after experiencing either multiple source problems or high perceptual similarity between problems. Comprehension of the relations between solution actions and outcome, and between tools and target object, appeared critical to transfer. The results suggest that 1-year-olds can construct relatively abstract and flexible mental representations and that analogical problem solving may be 1 of the major accomplishments during the 1st year of life.