The bacterial-fungal energy channel concept challenged by enormous functional versatility of soil protists
The bacterial-fungal energy channel concept challenged by enormous functional versatility of soil protists
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DOI：
10.1016/j.soilbio.2016.06.013
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发表时间：
2016-11-01
影响因子：
9.7
通讯作者：
Geisen, Stefan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Geisen, Stefan
原生动物（=原生动物）通常被视为控制土壤食物网中细菌能量通道的食菌动物。然而，这种生态学家的观点受到了分类学研究的挑战，这些研究表明，一系列原生生物以真菌、其他原生生物甚至线虫为食。最近，据透露，专性和兼性的真菌，而其他人都是兼性食草原生生物是常见的土壤居民。此外，原生生物作为植物和动物的寄生虫和病原体。这种被忽视的原生生物功能多样性在其他土壤生物群体中也同样普遍存在，这表明当前的食物网模型过于简单化。各种原生生物分类群对细菌和真菌（两种主要能量通道的来源）的兼性摄食强烈表明，较低营养水平的能量通道不存在明显的分裂，并且土壤食物网中存在更复杂的能量流动。因此，未来的努力应针对原生生物和其他群体的土壤生物的生态功能，在特定物种的水平上，创造更有意义的功能单位，然后需要纳入修改后的土壤食物网模型。这些努力将有助于解开复杂土壤系统的结构、多样性和由此产生的功能，包括通过土壤食物网的能量流动。(C)2016爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有
Protists (=protozoa) are commonly treated as bacterivores that control the bacterial energy channel in soil food webs. This ecologist's perspective is, however, challenged by taxonomic studies showing that a range of protists feed on fungi, other protists and even nematodes. Recently, it was revealed that obligate and facultative mycophagous protists are common soil inhabitants, while others are facultative nematophagous. Furthermore, protists act as parasites and pathogens of plants and animals. This neglected functional diversity of protists, that is similarly prevalent for other groups of soil organisms, reveals that current food web model models are oversimplified.Facultative feeding of various protist taxa on bacteria and fungi, the source of both major energy channels, strongly implies that a clear split of the energy channels at lower trophic levels does not exist and that more complex energy flows prevail in soil food webs. Future efforts should therefore target ecological functioning of protists and other groups of soil organisms, on a species-specific level, to create more meaningful functional units that then need incorporation in modified soil food web models. Such efforts will help disentangling the structure, diversity and resulting functioning of complex soil systems, including energy flows through the soil food web. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.