Consolidating the effects of waking and sleep on motor-sequence learning.
Consolidating the effects of waking and sleep on motor-sequence learning.
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.3295-10.2010
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发表时间：
2010-10-20
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Margoliash D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brawn TP;Fenn KM;Nusbaum HC;Margoliash D
睡眠被广泛认为在记忆巩固中起着关键作用。睡眠依赖性巩固已被广泛研究，在人类中使用显式运动序列学习范式。在这项任务中，据报道，表现在清醒状态下保持稳定，并在睡眠后显着改善，使运动序列学习成为睡眠依赖性增强的明确例子。然而，最近的研究表明，当任务被修改以减少在训练过程中发展的任务相关抑制时，增强消失，从而质疑睡眠是否积极巩固运动学习。在这里，我们使用相同的运动序列任务来证明运动序列学习的睡眠依赖性巩固，并解释研究结果的差异。我们发现，当训练在早上开始时，运动序列性能在清醒时恶化，并在睡眠后恢复，而性能在睡眠和随后的夜间训练中保持稳定。这种结果模式挑战了由时间依赖性稳定阶段和睡眠依赖性增强阶段定义的记忆巩固的有影响力的模型。此外，目前的研究结果支持一个新的帐户的行为影响清醒和睡眠的外显运动序列的学习，是一致的，在广泛的任务。这些观察结果表明，目前的记忆巩固理论已经制定了解释睡眠依赖的性能增强是不够的，以解释与睡眠相关的行为变化的范围。
Sleep is widely believed to play a critical role in memory consolidation. Sleep-dependent consolidation has been studied extensively in humans using an explicit motor-sequence learning paradigm. In this task, performance has been reported to remain stable across wakefulness and improve significantly after sleep, making motor-sequence learning the definitive example of sleep-dependent enhancement. Recent work, however, has shown that enhancement disappears when the task is modified to reduce task-related inhibition that develops over a training session, thus questioning whether sleep actively consolidates motor learning. Here we use the same motor-sequence task to demonstrate sleep-dependent consolidation for motor-sequence learning and explain the discrepancies in results across studies. We show that when training begins in the morning, motor-sequence performance deteriorates across wakefulness and recovers after sleep, whereas performance remains stable across both sleep and subsequent waking with evening training. This pattern of results challenges an influential model of memory consolidation defined by a time-dependent stabilization phase and a sleep-dependent enhancement phase. Moreover, the present results support a new account of the behavioral effects of waking and sleep on explicit motor-sequence learning that is consistent across a wide range of tasks. These observations indicate that current theories of memory consolidation that have been formulated to explain sleep-dependent performance enhancements are insufficient to explain the range of behavioral changes associated with sleep.