Efficacy of mitigation measures for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from intensively cultivated peatlands
Efficacy of mitigation measures for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from intensively cultivated peatlands
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集约化泥炭地温室气体减排措施的效果
DOI：
10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.08.020
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
9.7
通讯作者：
Taft H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Taft H
排水和栽培的沼泽泥炭是世界上生产力最高的土壤之一，但它们很容易退化，并且通常会产生很高的温室气体 (GHG) 排放量。我们假设，可以通过控制地下水位深度、耕作方式、作物残茬施用或园艺羊毛覆盖来减少这些土壤的温室气体损失。使用来自园艺泥炭地的完整土壤柱，采用闭室方法在六个月内监测二氧化碳、氧化亚氮和甲烷的排放量。同时测量土壤特性可以确定温室气体排放的关键控制措施。与自由排水控制（80±1kg CO2-e ha−1d−1）相比，提高地下水位至土壤表面可最大程度地降低全球变暖潜力（GWP100；25±6kg CO2-e ha−1d−1），但当地下水位随后降低时，这种效应被排放脉冲部分抵消。当地下水位保持在地表以下 15 厘米时，排放量最高（168±11kg CO2-e ha−1d−1），因为这会刺激 N2O 损失。春季在土壤表面放置园艺羊毛对 GWP100 没有显着影响，但长时间施用羊毛会加剧温室气体排放。与将生菜作物残留物纳入土壤时（85±4kg CO2-e ha−1d−1）相比，将生菜作物残留物留在表面增加了土壤GWP100（105±4kg CO2-e ha−1d−1），但是，没有证据表明这促进了原生土壤有机质（SOM）的正启动。为了最大限度地发挥减排潜力，应在温室气体排放量最大的生长季节采取缓解措施。我们的结果还表明，引入零耕或少耕做法可能不会减少温室气体排放。保持高地下水位是可靠减少温室气体排放的唯一选择，但在当前的园艺系统中实施该选择是不切实际的。我们的结论是，应探索替代策略或土地利用的重大变化（例如，从园艺/耕地转变为湿地），作为为子孙后代保护这些土壤的手段。
Drained and cultivated fen peats represent some of the world's most productive soils, however, they are susceptible to degradation and typically exhibit high rates of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission. We hypothesised that GHG losses from these soils could be reduced by manipulating water table depth, tillage regime, crop residue application or horticultural fleece cover. Using intact soil columns from a horticultural peatland, emissions of CO2, N2O and CH4were monitored over a six-month period, using a closed-chamber method. Concurrent measurements of soil properties allowed identification of the key controls on GHG emissions. Raising the water table to the soil surface provided the strongest reduction in global warming potential (GWP100; 25 ± 6 kg CO2-e ha−1d−1), compared to a free-draining control (80 ± 1 kg CO2-e ha−1d−1), but this effect was partially negated by an emission pulse when the water table was subsequently lowered. The highest emissions occurred when the water table was maintained 15 cm below the surface (168 ± 11 kg CO2-e ha−1d−1), as this stimulated N2O loss. Placement of horticultural fleece over the soil surface during spring had no significant effect onGWP100, but prolonged fleece application exacerbated GHG emissions. Leaving lettuce crop residues on the surface increased soilGWP100(105 ± 4 kg CO2-e ha−1d−1) in comparison to when residues were incorporated into the soil (85 ± 4 kg CO2-e ha−1d−1), however, there was no evidence that this promoted positive priming of native soil organic matter (SOM). For maximum abatement potential, mitigation measures should be applied during the growing season, when GHG emissions are greatest. Our results also suggest that introduction of zero- or minimum-till practices may not reduce GHG emissions. Maintaining a high water table was the only option that reliably reduced GHG emissions, however, this option is impractical to implement within current horticultural systems. We conclude that alternative strategies or a major change in land use (e.g., conversion from horticulture/arable to wetland) should be explored as a means of preserving these soils for future generations.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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