An fMRI study of sex differences in regional activation to a verbal and a spatial task
An fMRI study of sex differences in regional activation to a verbal and a spatial task
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DOI：
10.1006/brln.2000.2325
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发表时间：
2000-09-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Gur, RE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gur, RC;Alsop, D;Gur, RE
认知表现的性别差异已经被证明，女性在一些语音任务上表现更好，而男性在空间任务上表现更好。一项早期的功能磁共振成像研究表明，在语音处理过程中，大脑激活的分布存在性别差异，女性的双侧激活，而男性主要表现为左侧激活。这项依赖于血氧水平的功能磁共振成像研究考察了在空间任务（判断直线方向）和语言推理任务（类比）中激活的性别差异（14名男性，13名女性），而语言推理任务通常不会显示出性别差异。任务难度被操纵。基于roi的假设分析表明，在言语任务中，男性和女性的下顶叶和颞平面区域出现了预期的左偏侧变化，但只有男性在这些区域的空间任务中出现了右偏侧的增加。基于图像的分析揭示了由任务激活的皮质区域的分布式网络，包括外侧额、内侧额、颞中、枕顶和枕区。语言任务的激活更偏向左侧，空间任务的激活更偏向右侧，但男性在空间任务中也表现出一些左侧激活，这在女性中是没有的。任务难度的增加导致语言任务的分布式激活增加，空间任务的受限激活增加。结果表明，没有激活与任务表现直接相关的相应半球可能解释了某些表现上的性别差异。对于空间任务，他们还扩展了分布式认知系统中双侧激活是表现性别差异的基础这一原则。(C) 2000年学术出版社。
Sex differences in cognitive performance have been documented, women performing better on some phonological tasks and men on spatial tasks. An earlier fMRI study suggested sex differences in distributed brain activation during phonological processing, with bilateral activation seen in women while men showed primarily left-lateralized activation. This blood oxygen level-dependent fMRI study examined sex differences (14 men, 13 women) in activation for a spatial task (judgment of line orientation) compared to a verbal-reasoning task (analogies) that does not typically show sex differences. Task difficulty was manipulated. Hypothesized ROI-based analysis documented the expected left-lateralized changes for the verbal task in the inferior parietal and planum temporale regions in both men and women, but only men showed right-lateralized increase for the spatial task in these regions. Image-based analysis revealed a distributed network of cortical regions activated by the tasks, which consisted of the lateral frontal, medial frontal, mid-temporal, occipitoparietal, and occipital regions. The activation was more left lateralized for the verbal and more right for the spatial tasks, but men also showed some left activation for the spatial task, which was nor seen in women. Increased task difficulty produced more distributed activation for the verbal and more circumscribed activation for the spatial task. The results suggest that failure to activate the appropriate hemisphere in regions directly involved in task performance may explain certain sex differences in performance. They also extend, for a spatial task, the principle that bilateral activation in a distributed cognitive system underlies sex differences in performance. (C) 2000 Academic Press.