Public Open Space Design Study on the Basis of Microclimate and Spatial Behavior in Hot and Cold Weather Conditions in Downtown Area
Public Open Space Design Study on the Basis of Microclimate and Spatial Behavior in Hot and Cold Weather Conditions in Downtown Area
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DOI：
10.5539/mas.v12n2p128
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发表时间：
2018-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Zhiming Guo;Tsuyoshi Setoguchi;Norihiro Watanabe;Ke-Yi Huo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Zhiming Guo;Tsuyoshi Setoguchi;Norihiro Watanabe;Ke-Yi Huo
受城市布局和空间形态影响的开放空间小气候对室外舒适性起着重要作用，以舒适性为基础的户外活动将直接受到小气候的影响。一个优秀的开放空间应该满足不同的户外活动需求，创造相对舒适的感觉。大多数关于这些关系的研究只在0摄氏度以上进行。然而，只有少数人关注炎热和寒冷季节的极端情况。因此，本研究从小气候角度出发，以人们的舒适度和空间行为为准则，探讨开放空间形态如何影响小气候，从而影响舒适度和空间行为。研究结果可能为规划师和建筑师理解小气候、开放空间和人之间的关系提供一些有用的见解。结果表明，小气候对人的舒适度有明显影响。在炎热的季节，遮阳和气流对室外舒适性起着至关重要的作用。人们倾向于呆在室外阴凉处和空气流速较大的地方。日落之后是户外活动的热门时期。在寒冷季节，在相同的环境温度下，较低的风速提高了舒适度。遮荫对舒适性也有影响，但对空间行为影响不显著。提出了基于极端小气候和空间行为的人口密集开放空间优化设计方案。
Microclimate in open space affected by the urban layouts and spatial forms plays an important role in the outdoor comfort, thus the outdoor activities based on the comfort sensation will directly affected by the microclimate. An outstanding open space should satisfy different requirements of outdoor activities and create relatively comfortable sensation.Most studies have been conducted on these relationships only above 0 Celsius degree. However, only few have focused on extreme situations in both hot and cold seasons. Therefore, from microclimate perspective, taking people’s comfort and spatial behaviors as criterions, this research discussed how the open space forms affect microclimate, thus affect comfort sensation and spatial behaviors. The outcomes may provide some useful insights for planners and architects to understand the relationship among microclimate, open space and people.Results showed that microclimate obviously affected people’s comfort. In hot season, shade and air-flow played crucial roles in outdoor comfort. People tend to stay outside in the shade and the area with higher air velocity. After sunset is popular period for outdoor activities. In cold season, at the same ambient temperature, lower air velocity raised the comfort level. Shade also had influences on comfort sensation but do not affect spatial behaviors significantly.This paper also proposes optimization design proposals of densely populated open space based on extreme microclimate and spatial behaviour.