A three-dimensional scattering model for fading channels in land mobile environment
A three-dimensional scattering model for fading channels in land mobile environment
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DOI：
10.1109/25.764993
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发表时间：
1999-05
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
S. Qu;T. Yeap
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Qu;T. Yeap
Clarke（1968）的散射模型是陆地移动的环境中最广泛接受的信道模型之一，由于假设了水平行进平面波，因此该散射模型是二维（2-D）模型。通过引入非零的入射波仰角，三维（3-D）模型更通用和准确，特别是对于城市环境。虽然三维模型的概念已经被提出，但从理论分析和现场测量两方面来看，关于仰角分布以及接收信号的功率谱密度（PSD）仍然缺乏令人满意的结果。本文提出了一种双参数函数族{m，n}，其中m和n为正整数，适用于仰角的对称和非对称概率密度函数。在这些功能中，那些与奇数m和n导致的PSD的接收信号的解析解，除了满足其他要求的PDF的EA先前提出的文献。特别导出了m和n分别等于1和3时的封闭形式的PSD，并数值地得到了自相关函数。由于EA的PDF提出了一系列功能而不是单个功能，因此它在应用中提供了一定的灵活性并覆盖了广泛的环境。本文的另一个贡献是一个新的表达式，它直接涉及的PDF的EA在3-D模型的接收信号的PSD。
Clarke's (1968) scattering model, one of the most widely accepted channel models for the land mobile environment, is a two-dimensional (2-D) model because of the assumption of horizontal traveling plane waves. By introducing a nonzero elevation angle of the arriving wave, a three-dimensional (3-D) model is more general and accurate, especially for the urban environment. Though the concept of the 3-D model has been proposed already, there is still a lack of satisfying results regarding the distribution of the elevation angle, from both theoretical analysis and field measurement, and the power spectral density (PSD) of the received signal. In this paper, a family of functions with two parameters, {m,n}, where m and n are positive integers, for both the symmetrical and asymmetrical probability density function (PDF) of the elevation angle (EA), is proposed. Among these functions, those with odd m and n lead to analytical solutions of the PSD of the received signal in addition to satisfying other requirements for a PDF of the EA previously proposed in literature. The PSDs in closed form associated with m and n equal to one and three are derived in particular, and the autocorrelation functions are obtained numerically. Since a family of functions rather than a single function is proposed for the PDF of the EA, it provides certain flexibility in application and covers a wide range of environments. Another contribution of this paper is a new expression which directly relates the PDF of the EA in the 3-D model to the PSD of the received signal.