Vertebral Development of Modern Salamanders Provides Insights Into a Unique Event of Their Evolutionary History
Vertebral Development of Modern Salamanders Provides Insights Into a Unique Event of Their Evolutionary History
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DOI：
10.1002/jez.b.21238
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发表时间：
2009-01-15
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Boisvert, Catherine Anne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Boisvert, Catherine Anne
蝾螈的起源及其与其他两个现代两栖动物目（青蛙和螈）的相互关系是有问题的，因为石炭纪到下侏罗纪之间的化石记录有8000万至1亿年的差距。由于缺乏成年人的骨骼特征，将现代阶的早期代表与古生代的茎群联系起来，这一点变得更加复杂。个体发生性状的使用在解决这些问题上可能有很大的用处。所有10个现代蝾螈家庭（120个清除和染色的幼虫）的生长系列进行了检查的模式和时间的脊椎元件的骨化和骨化。原始的模式是神经弓在中枢之前发育，而相反的模式代表衍生的条件。在小鲵科中既可以观察到原始条件，也可以观察到衍生条件，而在所有其他蝾螈中只能观察到衍生条件。这支持了小鲵科是现代科中最基本的科，并且可能是多系的（Ranodon和Hybobius形成了最基本的分支，Salamandrella是最衍生的Blade的一部分）。这提供了一个独特的事件在蝾螈进化史上的洞察力，并表明，发展模式的开关之间发生的三叠纪和中侏罗世之前，最后一次大的辐射。J. Exp. Zool.（Mol. Dev. Evol.）31213：1-29，2009. (C)2008 Wiley-Liss，Inc.
The origin of salamanders and their interrelationships to the two other modern amphibian orders (frogs and caecilians) are problematic owing to an 80-100 million year gap in the fossil record between the Carboniferous to the Lower Jurassic. This is compounded by a scarcity of adult skeletal characters linking the early representatives of the modern orders to their stem-group in the Paleozoic. The use of ontogenetic characters can be of great use in the resolution of these questions. Growth series of all ten modern salamander families (a 120 cleared and stained larvae) were examined for pattern and timing of vertebral elements chondrification and ossification. The primitive pattern is that of the neural arches developing before the centra, while the reverse represents the derived condition. Both the primitive and derived conditions are observed within the family Hynobiidae, whereas only the derived condition is observed in all other salamanders. This provides support to the claims that Hynobiidae is both the most basal of modern families and potentially polyphyletic (with Ranodon and Hybobius forming the most basal clade and Salamandrella being a part of the most derived Blade). This provides insight into a unique event in salamander evolutionary history and suggests that the developmental pattern switch occurred between the Triassic and the mid-Jurassic before the last major radiation. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 31213:1-29, 2009. (C) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.