Strategies for acquiring the phospholipid metabolite inositol in pathogenic bacteria, fungi and protozoa: making it and taking it.
Strategies for acquiring the phospholipid metabolite inositol in pathogenic bacteria, fungi and protozoa: making it and taking it.
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DOI：
10.1099/mic.0.025718-0
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发表时间：
2009-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Reynolds TB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Reynolds TB
肌醇（inositol）是用于在真核生物中甚至在一些真细菌如分枝杆菌中构建磷脂酰肌醇及其衍生物的必需营养素。因此，真菌、原生动物和分枝杆菌病原体必须能够获得肌醇，以便在其宿主中增殖并引起感染。有两种主要机制获得肌醇。一种是使用两种顺序作用的酶从葡萄糖6-磷酸合成肌醇：肌醇-3-磷酸合酶（Ino 1 p）将葡萄糖6-磷酸转化为肌醇3-磷酸，然后肌醇单磷酸酶（IMPase）将肌醇3-磷酸脱磷酸以生成肌醇。另一种机制是通过肌醇转运蛋白从环境中输入肌醇。肌醇在哺乳动物宿主的血流中很容易丰富，这为许多病原体提供了潜在的输入肌醇的来源。然而，尽管宿主中存在如此丰富的肌醇，但一些病原体如结核分枝杆菌和原生生物寄生虫布氏锥虫必须能够重新制造肌醇以引起疾病（M.结核）或甚至生长（T. brucei）。其他病原体，如真菌白色念珠菌，同样善于通过输入肌醇或使其重新产生而引起疾病。肌醇的收购中的作用，寄生虫利什曼原虫和真菌隐球菌的生物学和发病机制正在探索。这些病原体所使用的具体策略，以获得肌醇，而在主机进行了讨论有关每个病原体的独特的代谢要求。
myo-Inositol (inositol) is an essential nutrient that is used for building phosphatidylinositol and its derivatives in eukaryotes and even in some eubacteria such as the mycobacteria. As a consequence, fungal, protozoan and mycobacterial pathogens must be able to acquire inositol in order to proliferate and cause infection in their hosts. There are two primary mechanisms for acquiring inositol. One is to synthesize inositol from glucose 6-phosphate using two sequentially acting enzymes: inositol-3-phosphate synthase (Ino1p) converts glucose 6-phosphate to inositol 3-phosphate, and then inositol monophosphatase (IMPase) dephosphorylates inositol 3-phosphate to generate inositol. The other mechanism is to import inositol from the environment via inositol transporters. Inositol is readily abundant in the bloodstream of mammalian hosts, providing a source from which many pathogens could potentially import inositol. However, despite this abundance of inositol in the host, some pathogens such as the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the protist parasite Trypanosoma brucei must be able to make inositol de novo in order to cause disease (M. tuberculosis) or even grow (T. brucei). Other pathogens such as the fungus Candida albicans are equally adept at causing disease by importing inositol or by making it de novo. The role of inositol acquisition in the biology and pathogenesis of the parasite Leishmania and the fungus Cryptococcus are being explored as well. The specific strategies used by these pathogens to acquire inositol while in the host are discussed in relation to each pathogen's unique metabolic requirements.
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影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Galbraith, MP;Feng, SF;Rossbach, S
通讯作者：
Rossbach, S
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Einicker-Lamas, Marcelo;Nascimento, Michelle T. C.;Caruso-Neves, Celso
通讯作者：
Caruso-Neves, Celso
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Griffith, CL;Klutts, JS;Doering, TL
通讯作者：
Doering, TL
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Chen, Ying-Lien;Kauffman, Sarah;Reynolds, Todd B.
通讯作者：
Reynolds, Todd B.
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Care, RS;Trevethick, J;Sudbery, PE
通讯作者：
Sudbery, PE