A Computational Study of Nasal Spray Deposition Pattern in Four Ethnic Groups
A Computational Study of Nasal Spray Deposition Pattern in Four Ethnic Groups
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DOI：
10.1089/jamp.2014.1205
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发表时间：
2016-04-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Frank-Ito, Dennis O.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Keeler, Jarrod A.;Patki, Aniruddha;Frank-Ito, Dennis O.
背景：由于不同种族的人对鼻内颗粒沉积模式的不同，鼻形态学的作用还知之甚少。这项初步研究利用计算流体动力学（CFD）建模，以调查鼻窦气道形态和沉积模式的鼻内喷雾颗粒在鼻子和鼻窦的个人从四个不同的种族群体：非洲裔美国人（黑人），亚洲人，高加索人和拉丁美洲人。方法：选择16名正常鼻窦协议计算机断层扫描（CT）的受试者（每个种族4名）进行CFD分析。每个受试者的鼻窦腔的三维重建是从他们个人的CT图像创建的。在ANSYS Fluent中分两个阶段进行CFD模拟：气流阶段通过数值求解稳态层流吸入的Navier-Stokes方程来完成;颗粒分散阶段通过跟踪通过计算的气流场的注入（喷雾）颗粒来解决。从每个桶中释放总共10，000个颗粒流，每个直径1000个颗粒，范围从5 m到50 m，尺寸增量为5 m。结果如下：根据文献报道，高加索人（5.31 ± 0.42 cm（-1））和拉丁美洲人（5.16 ± 0.40 cm（-1））的表面积与体积比最高，而非洲裔美国人的鼻指数最高（95.91 ± 2.22）。鼻阻力（NR）在白人（0.046 +/- 0.008Pa.s/mL）和亚洲人（0.042 +/- 0.016Pa.s/mL）中最高。亚洲人和非洲裔美国人分别拥有小颗粒（5 m-15 m）和大颗粒（20 m-50 m）沉积的最多区域。亚洲人和拉丁美洲人在其各自的种族群体中的主要鼻腔中具有最一致的区域颗粒沉积模式。结论：从这些种族群体调查的初步结果显示，白人和拉丁美洲人有最少的开放鼻腔。此外，高加索人和非洲裔美国人在区域颗粒沉积模式方面的受试者间一致性最低;这可能是由于其各自鼻前庭形态的受试者间变异性更大。
Background: Very little is known about the role of nasal morphology due to ethnic variation on particle deposition pattern in the sinonasal cavity. This preliminary study utilizes computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling to investigate sinonasal airway morphology and deposition patterns of intranasal sprayed particles in the nose and sinuses of individuals from four different ethnic groups: African American (Black); Asian; Caucasian; and Latin American. Methods: Sixteen subjects (four from each ethnic group) with normal sinus protocol computed tomography (CT) were selected for CFD analysis. Three-dimensional reconstruction of each subject's sinonasal cavity was created from their personal CT images. CFD simulations were carried out in ANSYS Fluent in two phases: airflow phase was done by numerically solving the Navier-Stokes equations for steady state laminar inhalation; and particle dispersed phase was solved by tracking injected (sprayed) particles through the calculated airflow field. A total of 10,000 particle streams were released from each nostril, 1000 particles per diameter ranging from 5m to 50m, with size increments of 5m. Results: As reported in the literature, Caucasians (5.310.42cm(-1)) and Latin Americans (5.16 +/- 0.40cm(-1)) had the highest surface area to volume ratio, while African Americans had highest nasal index (95.91 +/- 2.22). Nasal resistance (NR) was highest among Caucasians (0.046 +/- 0.008Pa.s/mL) and Asians (0.042 +/- 0.016Pa.s/mL). Asians and African Americans had the most regions with particle deposition for small (5m-15m) and large (20m-50m) particle sizes, respectively. Asians and Latin Americans individuals had the most consistent regional particle deposition pattern in the main nasal cavities within their respective ethnic groups. Conclusions: Preliminary results from these ethnic groups investigated showed that Caucasians and Latin Americans had the least patent nasal cavity. Furthermore, Caucasians and African Americans had the lowest inter-subject consistency in regional particle deposition pattern; this may be due to greater inter-subject variability in their respective nasal vestibule morphology.