Water in malignant tissue, measured by cell refractometry and nuclear magnetic resonance
Water in malignant tissue, measured by cell refractometry and nuclear magnetic resonance
复制标题
通过细胞折射法和核磁共振测量恶性组织中的水
作者：
K. Ross;R. Gordon
人们早就知道，肿瘤组织的含水量通常明显高于其来源的正常组织。近年来表明这一点的大多数证据都是通过核磁共振（NMR）方法获得的，尽管核磁共振无疑表明了水合作用，但目前还无法精确量化。此外，通过这些手段还不可能确定组织水含量的总体增加是否主要是细胞外液的增加或者肿瘤细胞和紧邻肿瘤的细胞的水含量是否也增加。在这项同类研究中，首次结合使用核磁共振和浸入式折射测量技术来检查正常组织和肿瘤组织的水含量。对大鼠肝脏的正常组织和荷瘤组织进行核磁共振测量：还从这些碎片中分离出完整的活细胞，并通过浸入式折射法测量它们的折射率，从中计算出细胞质的水含量。结果发现，如此测量的从肝癌获得的所有细胞的细胞质中的水分（通常多超过 5%）比来自正常肝脏的任何细胞都多。从肝癌附近取出的看起来正常的细胞也都比正常肝细胞含有更多的水，尽管这种情况下的差异较小。这些结果与 NMR 测量获得的结果非常相似。因此得出的结论是，在癌发生过程中发生的整个组织含水量增加的相当大比例必定是该组织中细胞内水的增加。
It has long been known that tumour‐bearing tissues often have a significantly higher water content than the normal tissues from which they have been derived. Most of the evidence suggesting this in recent years has been obtained from methods employing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), which, although undoubtedly indicative of hydration, cannot at present be precisely quantified. Furthermore it has not been possible by these means to determine whether this overall increase in the water content of the tissue is principally an increase in the extracellular fluid or whether the water content of the tumour cells and the cells immediately adjacent to the tumours increases also. In this investigation, which is the first of its kind, a combination of NMR and immersion refractometry techniques have been used to examine the water content of normal and tumour bearing tissues. NMR measurements were made on pieces of normal and tumour bearing tissue from rat livers: intact living cells were also isolated from these pieces and their refractive indices measured by immersion refractometry from which the water content of their cytoplasm was calculated. It was found that all the cells so measured obtained from hepatomas had more water in their cytoplasm (usually over 5% more water) than any of the cells from normal livers; and that normal‐looking cells taken from the vicinity of hepatomas also all had more water in them than those of normal liver cells, although the differences in this case were less. These results were closely parallel to those obtained by NMR measurements. It is therefore concluded that an appreciable proportion of the increase in the water content of the tissue as a whole that occurs during carcinogenesis, must, in this tissue, be an increase in intracellular water.