Association between recent U.S. northeast precipitation trends and Greenland blocking

Association between recent U.S. northeast precipitation trends and Greenland blocking
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美国东北部近期降水趋势与格陵兰岛阻塞之间的关联

DOI:
10.1002/joc.7555
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
International Journal of Climatology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Carleton, Andrew M.
Carleton, Andrew M.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Simonson, Julia M.;Birkel, Sean D.;Maasch, Kirk A.;Mayewski, Paul A.;Lyon, Bradfield;Carleton, Andrew M.

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自21世纪初以来,美国东北部地区(USNE)的年降水量沿着增加,极端降水事件也更加频繁。虽然以前的工作已经讨论了热带气旋对极端降水增加的贡献,但热带外夏季降水增加的大规模驱动因素很少受到关注。在这里,我们表明,整个USNE的夏季降雨盈余与格陵兰岛上空的大气阻塞频率增加和北大西洋涛动的负相有关。这些模式在夏季的发生以前与南移的风暴路径和横跨北大西洋东部的潮湿条件有关。在美国东北部,环流的变化也与由于南风异常和增加的水分输送和垂直运动在该地区的降水增加。必须指出的是,目前用于未来预测的气候模式无法再现所观察到的格陵兰上空大气阻塞增加的趋势。因此,澄清格陵兰岛阻塞和最近整个USNE降水变化之间的关联可能有助于为该地区夏季降雨的未来气候预测提供信息。
Since the early 2000s, the northeastern region of the United States (USNE) has received increased total annual precipitation along with more frequent extreme precipitation events. Although previous work has discussed the contribution to increased extreme precipitation from tropical cyclones, the largescale driver (s) of summer precipitation increases in the extratropics has received little attention. Here, we show that the summer-season rainfall surpluses across the USNE are related to the increased frequency of atmospheric blocking over Greenland and the negative phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation. The occurrence of these patterns in summer has been previously connected with southward shifted storm tracks and wet conditions across the eastern North Atlantic. Over the USNE, the circulation shifts are also related to enhanced rainfall due to southerly wind anomalies and increased moisture transport into and vertical motion over the region. It is important to note that the current generation of climate models used for future projections is unable to reproduce the observed tendency towards increased atmospheric blocking over Greenland. Thus, clarifying the association between Greenland blocking and recent precipitation changes across the USNE may help inform future climate projections of summer season rainfall for the region.
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