THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF CIGARETTE-SMOKING AND ITS IMPACT ON CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE
THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF CIGARETTE-SMOKING AND ITS IMPACT ON CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE
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DOI：
10.1164/ajrccm/140.3_pt_2.s82
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发表时间：
1989-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
NOVOTNY, TE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
DAVIS, RM;NOVOTNY, TE
自1964年第一份卫生部长关于吸烟与健康的报告发布以来，美国在减少吸烟方面取得了实质性进展。自1973年以来，18岁或18岁以上人口的人均卷烟销售量每年都在下降。自1982年以来，尽管人口规模不断增加，但卷烟总销量平均每年下降1.8%。全国人口调查显示，在过去的四分之一世纪世纪，成年人的吸烟率稳步下降。不幸的是，慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD），最重要的吸烟相关疾病之一，死亡率的平行下降并没有发生，为了估计吸烟对COPD死亡率的影响，我们使用了一个修改的人口归因危险度公式来计算吸烟导致的COPD死亡率和潜在寿命损失年数。在1984年，估计有51，013人死于吸烟引起的COPD：男性35，638人（占COPD总死亡率的85%），女性15，376人（占COPD总死亡率的69%）（由于四舍五入，总和不等于总数）。这些死亡导致在平均预期寿命之前总共损失了501，290岁的寿命。我们的结论是，在美国，吸烟继续导致COPD过早死亡的沉重负担。尽管吸烟率下降，但这种负担在未来几年可能会增加，因为前吸烟者中COPD死亡的剩余风险持续多年。
Since the first Surgeon General's report on smoking and health was released in 1964, the United States has achieved substantial progress in curtailing smoking. Per capita cigarette sales for persons 18 yr of age or older have declined each year since 1973. Total cigarette sales have fallen an average of 1.8% each year since 1982, despite the increasing size of the population. National population-based surveys show that the prevalence of smoking has fallen steadily among adults during the past quarter century. Unfortunately, a parallel decrease in mortality from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), one of the most important smoking-related diseases, has not occurred.To estimate the current impact of smoking on mortality from COPD, we used a modified formula for population attributable risk to calculate the mortality and years of potential life lost due to COPD caused by smoking. In 1984, an estimated 51,013 deaths occurred from COPD caused by smoking: 35,638 among men (85% of total COPD mortality) and 15,376 among women (69% of total COPD mortality) (sum does not equal total due to rounding). These deaths resulted in a total loss of 501,290 yr of life before the average life expectancy. We conclude that cigarette smoking continues to cause a heavy burden of premature death from COPD in the United States. This burden may increase in the coming years despite decreasing smoking rates because the residual risk of COPD mortality among former smokers persists for many years.