Trust in testimony about strangers: Young children prefer reliable informants who make positive attributions
Trust in testimony about strangers: Young children prefer reliable informants who make positive attributions
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jecp.2011.10.008
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发表时间：
2012-03-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Boseovski, Janet J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boseovski, Janet J.
幼儿被描述为信息的关键消费者，特别是在语言学习领域。事实上，孩子们更有可能从那些有着准确的物体标记历史的人那里学到新的单词，而不是那些不准确的人。但是，当线人的证词与以特定方式看待世界的倾向相冲突时，会发生什么呢？在印象形成中，儿童在人格判断中表现出积极性偏向。这项研究考察了3到7岁的孩子是否会接受关于陌生人性格的可靠证词，这些证词与假定的积极偏见（即，负面特质归因）。总体而言，参与者接受可靠线人的证词的频率比预期的更高，尽管他们在信息是积极的时候比在信息是消极的时候更有可能这样做。这些研究结果表明，除了线人的可靠性状态，信息处理的偏见有很大的影响儿童使用线人的证词，了解社会世界。(C)2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Young children have been described as critical consumers of information, particularly in the domain of language learning. Indeed, children are more likely to learn novel words from people with accurate histories of object labeling than with inaccurate ones. But what happens when informant testimony conflicts with a tendency to see the world in a particular way? In impression formation, children exhibit a positivity bias in personality judgments. This study examined whether 3- to 7-year-olds would accept reliable testimony about a stranger's personality that conflicted with a putative positivity bias (i.e., a negative trait attribution). Overall, participants accepted testimony from reliable informants more often than expected by chance, although they were significantly more likely to do so when the information was positive than when it was negative. These findings indicate that in addition to the reliability status of informants, information processing biases have a substantial impact on children's use of informant testimony to learn about the social world. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.